R

Izikhala ezimhlophe ezihamba phambili nezilandelanayo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokubhala ngekhodi kungaba yinkinga abathuthukisi abavame ukuhlangana nayo. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ekucubungulweni nasekuhlanzweni kwedatha, lapho idatha eluhlaza ingase ihlanganise izikhala ezingadingekile ezingase ziphazamise izinqubo zakho noma ukuhlaziya. Kuhlelo lwe-R, ulimi olufinyeleleka kalula nolusetshenziswa kabanzi phakathi kwezazi zezibalo nabavukuzi bedatha, lezi zikhiqizo kufanele ziphathwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukushelela kwezinqubo zakho kanye nokunemba kwemiphumela yakho.

# R ikhodi yesibonelo
my_string <- " Izikhala ezimhlophe ezihamba phambili nezilandelanayo " trimmed_string <- trimws(my_string) print(trimmed_string) [/code]

Funda kabanzi

Ukuhlelwa kwe-R kuwulimi lokuhlela lomthombo ovulekile olusetshenziswa kakhulu ukwenza ikhompuyutha yezibalo nemifanekiso. Idume kakhulu phakathi kwabahlaziyi bedatha, abacwaningi, nabathengisi ngokusebenziseka kwayo kalula namandla aqinile okuhlaziya idatha. Ku-R, sivamise ukusebenzisa amaphakheji - amaqoqo emisebenzi engu-R, idatha, nekhodi ethotshelwe - ehlinzeka ngamakhono okwenza imisebenzi ethile. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kukhishwe lawa maphakheji, futhi lokhu kungase kube inselele. Le ndatshana izohlinzeka ngomhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthi ungawasusa kanjani amaphakheji ku-R.

Funda kabanzi

Ukuchaza iyunithi yezinhlamvu kanye nokusesha uchungechunge oluncane ngaphakathi kwalo kuyinqubo evamile ekuhlaziyeni umbhalo. Kungaba semayini yedatha, ukubuyisa ulwazi, noma ukukhohlisa kweyunithi yezinhlamvu, sihlala sizithola sihlola ukuthi ingabe iyunithi yezinhlamvu encane, noma iyunithi yezinhlamvu engaphansi, itholakala phakathi kweyunithi yezinhlamvu enkulu. Lona umsebenzi owenziwe ngaphakathi R izinhlelo, ingafezwa ngokushesha nangempumelelo.

Funda kabanzi

Umsebenzi wokukhipha i-DataFrame kufayela le-Excel ku-R ulula kakhulu inqubo yokuhlaziya idatha. Esikhundleni sokukopisha nokunamathisela idatha ku-Excel, noma okungenzeka kulahlekelwe ulwazi olubalulekile ekudluliselweni, ukuthekelisa i-DataFrame ngokuqondile ku-Excel kuyindlela ephumelelayo nethembekile yokwethulwa kwedatha, ukugcinwa, nokuhlaziya okwengeziwe.

Lapho efunda indlela yokwenza lo msebenzi, umuntu ngamunye uthuthukisa kakhulu amandla akhe okuphatha idatha ku-R. Akongi isikhathi kuphela, futhi kuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kobuqotho bedatha.

Funda kabanzi

Isingeniso

Funda kabanzi

Emhlabeni othokozisayo wokuphathwa kwedatha nokubalwa kwezibalo, ukuhlela kwe-R kusebenza njengensika eyisisekelo, ehlinzeka ngamathuluzi aqinile ezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Enye yezinkinga ezithakazelisayo esivame ukuhlangana nazo ukukhipha amanani ayingqayizivele kukholomu kuhlaka lwedatha, umsebenzi obalulekile ekucubunguleni kusengaphambili nasekuhloleni idatha. Ake singene sijule kulesi sihloko, sikunikeze ikhodi, ukuqonda, kanye nezindawo ezingase zisetshenziswe zale nkinga ethakazelisayo.

Funda kabanzi

Impela, ake siqale ukubhala indatshana yokuthi kufakwa kanjani kuhlu wonke amaphakheji afakiwe ku-R.

Ulimi lokuhlela lwe-R luyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuthuthukiswa emkhakheni wezibalo wekhompuyutha kanye nezithombe. Phakathi kwamakhono ayo, u-R uvumela izindlela ezimbalwa zokubuka ukuthi yimaphi amaphakheji afakiwe njengamanje. Amandla okuhlola nokusebenzisa lawa maphakheji atholakalayo engeza ukuguquguquka kwekhodi yakho engu-R futhi angaba nomthelela omkhulu ekuhlaziyeni kwakho. Lesi sihloko sigxile ekuboniseni izindlela ezahlukene zokufaka ohlwini wonke amaphakheji afakiwe ku-R.

Funda kabanzi

Ku-spectrum ebanzi yokuhlaziywa kwedatha kanye nokusebenza kwedijithali, ukucutshungulwa kwezinhlamvu ze-ASCII, ngokuqondile lezo ezinamazwi, kubambe isikhundla esiyisisekelo. I-ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) yathuthukiswa ukuze ilinganise indlela amakhompyutha amele ngayo idatha yombhalo. Yilawa makhodi we-ASCII anquma ukuthi amadivayisi akho edijithali abonisa kanjani izinhlamvu ezithile. Le ndatshana ichaza kabanzi ngamaphikseli e-ASCII, indima yawo ekuphatheni umbhalo, nokuthi ungawaphatha kanjani lawo maphimbo usebenzisa i-R.

Funda kabanzi

Ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa kwezibalo nokufunda komshini, ukuhlela kuka-R kunikeza ukusetshenziswa kokulondoloza nokulayisha idatha ngenjongo yokuyisebenzisa futhi uma kudingeka. Ukusebenzisa lesi sici kubalulekile ekwenzeni inqubo yakho yokuhlaziya isebenze kahle ngokulondoloza isikhathi nezinsiza zokubala. Ivumela ukuphathwa ngokushesha kwedatha, ivimbele isidingo sokusebenzisa imibhalo noma izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngaso sonke isikhathi. RDData ifomethi yefayela esetshenziselwa ukugcina izinto zika-R kufomu kanambambili ezingalayishwa zibuyiselwe ku-R uma kudingeka. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngamabomu ngenqubo yokulondoloza nokulayisha idatha kusetshenziswa i-RData kuhlelo lwe-R incazelo yesinyathelo nesinyathelo yengxenye yekhodi esizoyisebenzisa ukwenza kanjalo.

Funda kabanzi