I-Minecraft Java iyeka i-OpenGL futhi yamukela i-Vulkan ngokuvuselela kwayo okukhulu kakhulu kuze kube manje

Ikhaya » Python » I-Minecraft Java iyeka i-OpenGL futhi yamukela i-Vulkan ngokuvuselela kwayo okukhulu kakhulu kuze kube manje

Kumdlalo obukeka ulula njengeMinecraft, ubuchwepheshe obungaphansi kwe-hood bulokhu bunesisindo esimangalisayo. Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kweshumi benza umhlaba wawo onamabhulokhi udlule. I-OpenGL ku-Minecraft Java Edition, uMojang manje ulungiselela olunye lwezinguquko zobuchwepheshe ezifinyelela kude emlandweni womdlalo: ukuthuthela okuphelele ku- I-Vulkan njenge-API yehluzo eyinhloko.

Lolu shintsho, luhlelwe ngaphakathi njenge isinyathelo esikhulu esiya ezibukweni ezikhanya kakhulu kanye nokusebenza okungcono, ithinta cishe yonke indawo ye-ecosystem: abadlali bansuku zonke, abashintshi, abanikazi bamaseva, ngisho nezitudiyo ezibheka i-Minecraft njengesifundo sesibonelo ekunakekelweni komkhiqizo wesikhathi eside. Akukhona nje ukwenza umdlalo ube muhle kakhulu; kumayelana nokushintsha indlela ukwenziwa, ukuhambisana kanye nokwelulwa okuphathwa ngayo ngesihloko esinamakhulu ezigidi zamakhophi athengiswayo.

Ukulungiswa okukhulu kakhulu kokuhumusha iMinecraft Java okwake kwabonwa

Ngokusho kwezinhlelo zikaMojang, ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo kufinyelela ngaphansi kwesambulela se- Isibuyekezo se-Vibrant Visuals, okubeka i-Vulkan enkabeni yeqoqo lezithombe ze-Minecraft Java. Esikhundleni sokuthembela kuphayiphi ye-OpenGL ende, ukwakhiwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuzoveza izingcezu, izinhlangano kanye nemiphumela ngokusebenzisa i-backend ye-Vulkan yesimanje, esezingeni eliphansi yakhelwe ukufinyeza okwengeziwe kuma-GPU nama-CPU amanje.

Ephepheni, lokhu kuthutha kungase kubukeke njengokushintshana okulula kwe-API, kodwa kumdlalo osebenza njengeplatifomu amaseva, ama-modpack, amaphakethe edatha namathuluzi omphakathi, luwushintsho olujulile lwezakhiwo. Ikhodi yokunikeza, izinkolelo zomshayeli kanye nokulungiswa kokusebenza okuye kwakhula cishe nge-OpenGL eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kumele kubuyekezwe, kulungiswe noma kuqedwe ngokuphelele ukuze kusetshenziswe imodeli ecacile, eqhutshwa yi-Vulkan.

Ngaphakathi, ithimba libeka lokhu kufuduka njengotshalomali lwesikhathi eside. Ngokwamukela isisekelo sehluzo zesimanje manje, i-Minecraft Java ingaqhubeka nokuguquka ngokubonakalayo ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa njalo yizinga lokuguga elingasatholi uhlobo lokuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo njengoba lalinjalo ngaphambili.

Kubadlali, imiphumela yokuqala ebonakalayo yalolu shintsho izovela ku ukwakhiwa kwesithombe-skrini kuhlelelwe ihlobo lika-2026, lapho ukuhumusha kwe-Vulkan kwasekuqaleni kuzovela eceleni kwendlela ekhona ye-OpenGL ngesikhathi sokushintsha. Lezo zinguqulo zokuhlola zizosebenza njengendawo yokufakazela umphakathi kokubili ukulungiswa kokusebenza kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhambisana.

Kungani iVulkan ithatha indawo ye-OpenGL

Ezingeni lobuchwepheshe, umqondo ongemuva koshintsho ulula: I-Vulkan iyi-API yehluzo entsha, ephansi phezulu lokho kunikeza abathuthukisi ukulawula okuqondile okwengeziwe ngendlela i-GPU esetshenziswa ngayo. I-OpenGL, ebilokhu isebenza njengehhashi elinzima amashumi eminyaka, isekelwe kumklamo ongaqondakali futhi onesimo esingasahambisani kahle nendlela ama-CPU esimanje amaningi kanye nama-GPU anamuhla akhiwa ngayo.

Lapho abashayeli be-OpenGL bevame ukufihla ubunzima ngemuva kokuziphatha okungacacile, i-Vulkan idlulisela umthwalo wemfanelo kuhlelo lokusebenza. Lokho kusho ukuthi injini ye-Minecraft kumele iphathe izinsiza ngokusobala, ama-buffer omyalo kanye nokuvumelanisa, kodwa umvuzo uwukuthi ukusetshenziswa okungcono kakhulu kwehadiwe etholakalayo kanye nezithiyo ezimbalwa ezifihliwe ezidalwe ukusetshenziswa kwabashayeli.

Inzuzo eyodwa enkulu ukuthi iVulkan iphatha kanjani ukuhlanganisa izintambo eziningiEsikhundleni sokuhambisa umsebenzi omningi wokuhumusha ngentambo eyodwa, i-API yakhelwe ukuze ukwenziwa kwemiyalo kanye nokuthunyelwa kungasakazwa kuma-core amaningi e-CPU. Kumdlalo we-sandbox ongacindezela izigidi zamabhulokhi, izinhlangano kanye nemiphumela, ukukwazi ukugcina ama-core amaningi ematasa kuwukunqoba okusobala.

I-Vulkan iphinde inciphise inani elikhulu le- i-overhead yomshayeliNgokusika izendlalelo zeziqephu zesikhathi esidlule ezazithwalwa yi-OpenGL ukuze kuhambisane nokubuyela emuva, umdlalo ungathumela umsebenzi ku-GPU ngezindleko ze-CPU eziphansi ngokushaya okukodwa. Ezigcawini ezigcwele i-geometry, izinhlayiya kanye nokucutshungulwa ngemuva, lokho konga kwengeza ekulethweni kohlaka okubushelelezi ngokuphawulekayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Vulkan inikeza injini ukulawula okucolekile kwimemori ye-GPU, okwenza kube lula ukuphatha ukuthungwa okukhulu, i-geometry eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nama-framebuffers anesinqumo esiphezulu ngaphandle kokuthembela ngokuphelele ku-heuristics yomshayeli ongabonakali. Lolo hlobo lokulawula luwusizo ikakhulukazi njengoba i-Minecraft iqhubeka nokukhulisa izifiso zayo ezibonakalayo.

Izinzuzo zokusebenza: lokho abadlali abangakulindela ngokoqobo

Nakuba izinombolo eziqondile zizohluka ngokwesistimu, okulindelweyo ukuthi Ama-PC anamuhla azobona i-Minecraft Java isebenza kahle futhi ngokuqhubekayo ngaphansi kwe-VulkanAbadlali abakuma-CPU amaningi ayinhloko bazozuza kakhulu, njengoba injini ingasakaza kangcono umthwalo womsebenzi kuzo zonke izintambo kunokuba ihlulwe yi-core eyodwa ematasa.

Olunye lwezinguquko ezicacile cishe luzoba i-FPS ephakathi nendawo ephezulu kanye nokuhamba kohlaka okuqinile, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinzima njengemihlaba emikhulu eguquliwe, ukwakhiwa kwe-redstone eningi, noma ukuhlola okunebanga eliphezulu lokubonisa. Njengoba isikhathi se-CPU sincane sigwinywe yi-driver layer, kutholakala indawo enkulu yokulingisa, ukukhiqizwa komhlaba kanye ne-mod logic.

Ukungingiza kungenye indawo lapho i-Vulkan ingasiza khona. Ngokuphatha izinsiza ngokusobala nokugwema ezinye zezinguquko zesimo ezingacacile ezihlupha ama-API amadala, injini inamathuluzi angcono okwenza lokhu. nciphisa ukukhuphuka kwesikhathi sohlaka okungazelelwe lapho izingcezu zingena, ukuthungwa okukhulu kugeleza, noma kuvela izigcawu eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ikhwalithi yokubuka nayo iyingxenye yesithembiso. Umzamo we-Vibrant Visuals uhlose ukusebenzisa amakhono e-Vulkan okuletha ukukhanya okucebile, izithunzi ezithuthukisiwe kanye nemiphumela ethuthukisiwe yomkhathi ngaphandle kokuthembela kuphela kumaphakethe e-shader eqembu lesithathu. Lokhu akususi indima yaba-shader bomphakathi, kodwa kunikeza umdlalo oyisisekelo isisekelo esiqinile ngaphandle kwebhokisi.

Kuma-hardware eselula njengama-laptop emidlalo, inzuzo eyengeziwe ingaba khona ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandlaUma i-renderer ingadingi ukulwa ngezindleko eziningi kangaka, ivame ukuletha ikhwalithi yesithombe efanayo noma engcono ngenkathi idonsa amandla amancane, okuyizindaba ezinhle zokuphila kwebhethri ngesikhathi sokudlala isikhathi eside.

Lokhu kusho ukuthini kubadlali beLinux kanye ne-macOS

Ukusekelwa kwamapulatifomu amaningi bekulokhu kuyisihloko esibucayi ekulungisweni okukhulu kokwenza ama-rendering, futhi uMojang ukwenza kucace ukuthi I-Linux ne-macOS zihlala ziyingxenye yesithombe se-Minecraft Java ngaphansi kwe-Vulkan. Indlela okusekelwa ngayo, nokho, ihluke kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili.

Ku-Linux, indaba ilula kakhulu. I-Vulkan inayo ukwesekwa okuqinile, okungokwemvelo kuwo wonke abashayeli bezithombe ze-Linux zesimanje, futhi abadlali abaningi kuleyo pulatifomu sebevele bakhetha izihloko ezisekelwe kuVulkan ngenxa yokuzinza nokusebenza kwazo. Kulabo basebenzisi, ukusuka kweMinecraft ku-OpenGL empeleni kwenza umdlalo uhambisane nendlela uhlelo olubanzi lokudlala lwe-Linux oluye lwashintsha ngayo.

i-macOS iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. I-Apple ikhethe ukungasekeli i-Vulkan ngokomdabu, esikhundleni salokho ikhuthaza i-Metal API yayo. Ukuze ivale leso sikhala, i-Minecraft Java izothembela kuyo izendlalelo zokuhumusha ezifana ne-MoltenVK, echaza kabusha izingcingo ze-Vulkan njengemiyalo ye-Metal ngaphansi kwe-hood. Lokho kuqondiswa kungaletha inani elincane le-overhead, kodwa, empeleni, kuvame ukusebenza kangcono kunendlela endala ye-OpenGL.

Ngokombono womkhiqizo, le ndlela ibonisa ukuthi iqembu abangafuni ukushiya amapulatifomu angewona ama-Windows ngisho noma kuthuthukiswa indlela yokukhiqiza yesimanje. Kumdlalo onezithameli eziningi nezihlukahlukene kangaka, ukugcina i-Linux ne-macOS kunolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengoba abashayeli be-Vulkan bomdabu ku-Linux kanye nokuqaliswa kwe-Metal ku-macOS beqhubeka nokuvuthwa, kulindeleke ukuthi i-Minecraft Java's ulwazi oluvela kumapulatifomu ahlukahlukene luzohlangana ngekhwalithi, noma ngabe i-stack yobuchwepheshe eyisisekelo ihlukile ngokwe-OS ngayinye.

Umthelela ohlelweni lokuguqula

Zimbalwa imidlalo ye-PC ethembele kakhulu kokuqukethwe komphakathi njengeMinecraft Java. Umtapo omkhulu wezincwadi ukulungiswa kokusebenza, ukulungiswa kokubukwayo kanye nokuguqulwa okuphelele ikhule eduze kwe-renderer yokuqala esekelwe ku-OpenGL, futhi eminingi yalawo maphrojekthi isebenzisana ngqo ne-rendering internals.

Ngakho-ke, i-pivot eya ku-Vulkan iza nomphumela ocacile wecala: inani elikhulu lama-mods ahlobene nezithombe lizodinga izibuyekezo ezinengqondo noma ukubhalwa kabusha okugcweleNoma yini exhumeka ngokujulile kuphayiphi endala, efaka i-logic yokunikeza ngokwezifiso, noma encike ekuziphatheni okuthile kwe-OpenGL cishe izophuka noma iziphathe ngendlela engalindelekile uma i-backend entsha iba ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ukuze anciphise ukushaya, uMojang uhlela isikhathi sokuhambisana okubili, lapho kokubili indlela ye-OpenGL endala kanye ne-Vulkan renderer entsha kuzotholakala ezakhiweni zokuhlola. Leli windi lenzelwe ukunikeza ababhali be-mod isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa, ukuhlola, kanye nokuhambisa abasebenzisi kancane kancane ngaphandle kokuphoqa ukushintsha ubusuku bonke.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitudiyo silungiselela amadokhumenti kanye nesiqondiso sobuchwepheshe sabadali. Amanothi anemininingwane ku- indlela yokuqondisa ipayipi elisha, ukuthi yimaphi ama-API okufanele uwasebenzise, ​​nokuthi ukuziphatha kuhluke kuphi ohlelweni lwangaphambilini kufanele kusize abahleli ukuthi bahlele kabusha amaphrojekthi abo ngokushesha.

Kukhona futhi intshisekelo esebenzayo ekubambisaneni namaqembu angemuva ukulungiswa okukhulu kanye nama-graphic mods afana namakhasimende okusebenza aziwayo kanye nezinhlaka ze-shader, njengoba lawo maphrojekthi evame ukusetha isimo esibanzi sokushintsha. Ukwamukelwa kwawo kusenesikhathi kwezindlela ezinobungane ne-Vulkan cishe kuzothonya ukuthi yonke ingxenye yesistimu ye-ecosystem izolandela ngokushesha kangakanani.

Izidingo zehadiwe kanye nokuphela kwama-GPU akudala

Njenganoma yisiphi isinyathelo esikhulu esiya phambili kwezobuchwepheshe bezithombe, ukuthuthela eVulkan kuhambisana nokushintshana: ukwesekwa kwehadiwe endala kakhulu kuzophela ngezigabaIzinhlelo ezingenazo ama-GPU anamandla e-Vulkan noma abashayeli abahambisanayo ngeke besakwazi ukusebenzisa izinguqulo ezibuyekeziwe ze-Minecraft Java uma i-OpenGL isiphelelwe yisikhathi ngokuphelele.

Iqembu elithintekile lakhiwe kakhulu yi- ukucushwa okudala kwedeskithophu nekhompyutha ephathekayo, njengamakhadi e-NVIDIA GeForce 700 asebekhulile kanye namakhadi ochungechunge angu-600, ama-GPU e-AMD Radeon HD 7000 era, kanye nezithombe ezihlanganisiwe ze-Intel ezivela cishe kuma-processor esizukulwane sesine se-Core kanye nangaphambilini. Emishinini enjalo, indlela entsha yokudweba yomdlalo ayinayo i-hardware target esebenzayo.

Ngesikhathi soguquko, labo badlali bangase babuyele emuva izinguqulo ezindala zomdlalo ezigcina ukwesekwa kwe-OpenGL, kodwa izici ezintsha ezihlobene ne-Vibrant Visuals kanye nezibuyekezo ezilandelayo ngeke zitholakale. Kunoma ubani ofuna okuqukethwe kwakamuva kanye nentuthuko, ukuthuthukela ku-GPU elungele i-Vulkan ekugcineni kuzoba yinto engenakugwenywa.

KuMojang, lokhu akubonakali njengokungasebenzisi abasebenzisi kodwa kuboniswe njengomuntu ophansi. isinyathelo esingenakugwenywa sokugcina umdlalo uthuthukaUkuqhubeka nokusekela ububanzi obubanzi behadiwe endala kubeka imingcele ekutheni izithombe kanye nokusebenza kungaphushwa kangakanani. Ngesinye isikhathi, ukukhulula amadivayisi amadala kuba yindlela kuphela yokuqhubekela phambili.

Ngakho-ke abadlali ababambelele kuhadiwe esetshenziswa isikhathi eside kuzodingeka banqume ukuthi izibuyekezo zesikhathi esizayo zeMinecraft ziyakufanelekela yini ukutshala imali ezingxenyeni ezintsha, noma ukuthi banelisekile yini ngokuhlala ezakhiweni zefa ngaphandle kweVulkan.

Izifundo zokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zesikhathi eside kanye nokusabalala kwazo

Ngaphandle kwemiphumela yokudlala, ukushintsha kweMinecraft kusuka ku-OpenGL kuya ku-Vulkan kusebenza njengesibonelo esiwusizo sendlela imikhiqizo yesofthiwe enkulu ekugcineni kufanele ibhekane nesikweletu sayo sobuchwephesheUkuthembela ku-API esiphelelwe yisikhathi kuya kunciphisa ukuthi ithimba lingathuthukisa kangakanani ukwenza ngcono kanye nezithombe, noma ngabe umdlalo "usasebenza" ephepheni.

Ngokubhekana nokufuduka manje, abathuthukisi bakhetha ukwenza kanjalo khokha leso sikweletu ngendlela efanele kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho ukwesekwa kwe-OpenGL konakala kakhulu noma ihadiwe entsha iba nzima kakhulu ukuyiqondisa ngempumelelo ngekhodi yakudala. Kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi ukuhlehlisa ama-refactor ayisisekelo kuyenza ibe nzima kamuva.

Le nqubo iphinde igcizelele ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okumsulwa kungaba izici ezihehayo ngokwazo. Emakethe egcwele abantu, enikeza indlela yokudlala ebushelelezi, ijubane lozimele elingcono kanye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kokubuka kungaba kuhle njengokwengeza okuqukethwe okusha, ikakhulukazi kubadlali abachitha amahora amaningi emdlalweni noma abasebenzisa ukusethwa okukhulu okushintshiwe.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwethulwa kwe-Vulkan kuyisibonelo sencwadi yokuphatha ukwephula izinguquko ngokuhlela ngamabomu. Inhlanganisela yesigaba sokunikeza okubili, ukuxhumana okuvulekile mayelana nezikhathi, kanye nemibhalo yabadali abathintekile kubonisa indlela ehlelekile yokuphathwa koshintsho edlula imidlalo iye kunoma iyiphi ipulatifomu yesofthiwe ehlala isikhathi eside.

Okokugcina, ukugcina i-Linux ne-macOS kusesilinganisweni kulo lonke inqubo kugcizelela ukubaluleka kwe- ukuklama kucatshangelwa ukwesekwa kwamapulatifomu amaningi esikhundleni sokuyiphatha njengento ecatshangelwe kamuva. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Vulkan ihlangana nezendlalelo zokuhumusha kanye nabashayeli bomdabu lapho kudingeka khona, ithimba livikela isisekelo sabasebenzisi abaningi ngenkathi lisaqhubekisela phambili ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko.

Isikhathi sokuqaliswa kanye nokuthi yini elandelayo

Ukukhishwa kwe-Vulkan ku-Minecraft Java kuhlelwe njengochungechunge lwezigaba kunokuba kube ukushintshana okukodwa. Ekuqaleni, abadlali bazobona i-renderer entsha ivela ku- izithombe ezithathwe lapho i-Vulkan inganikwa amandla khona njengenketho, okuvumela abasebenzisa kusenesikhathi ukuthi bahlole ukusebenza, babike amaphutha futhi baqinisekise ukuhambisana kwe-mod ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ukufinyelela kuphayiphi endala.

Uma iqembu seliqiniseka ngokuzinza kanye nokumbozwa, lesi sigaba kulindeleke ukuthi siguquke sibe isikhathi eside se-beta lapho i-Vulkan ne-OpenGL zihlala khona ndawonye, ​​kodwa kunezithiyo ezengeziwe kubasebenzisi ukuze bazame indlela entsha. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukulungiswa kokusebenza, ukulungiswa kwamaphutha kanye nokubuyekezwa kwamadokhumenti kuzoqhubeka.

Ngemva kokuba idatha eyanele isiqoqiwe, uhlelo luwukuthi iVulkan yiba ngumhumushi ozenzakalelayo we-Minecraft Java Edition, kuyilapho indlela ye-OpenGL isatholakala njengesisekelo sewindi elilinganiselwe. Lokhu cishe kuzohambisana nokukhishwa okubanzi kwe-Vibrant Visuals, ukuze izithombe ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha kuhlale eceleni.

Esikhathini eside, ukwesekwa kwe-OpenGL kuhlelwe ukuthi ukuhoxiswa kancane kancane kanye nokususwa ekugcineniUma ukusetshenziswa sekwehle kwaba yingcosana futhi izithiyo ezisele sezixazululiwe ngangokunokwenzeka, izinguqulo zesikhathi esizayo kulindeleke ukuthi zithunyelwe njenge-Vulkan kuphela.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, umsebenzi oqhubekayo cishe uzogxila ukuphindaphinda i-Vulkan renderer uqobo—ukuhlola amamodeli amasha okukhanyisa, ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwememori, kanye nokulungisa indlela umdlalo olinganisa ngayo ububanzi bama-CPU nama-GPU—kunokuhlukanisa isikhathi sobunjiniyela phakathi kwama-backend amadala namasha.

Sekukonke, ukushintshela ku-OpenGL kuya ku-Vulkan kubeka i-Minecraft Java Edition endaweni yekusasa elidinga kakhulu, elinombono obanzi, noma ngabe kusho ukuvalelisa engxenyeni yehadiwe endala nokucela abadali be-mod ukuthi baphinde basebenzise amaphrojekthi abo. Ushintsho lukhulu, kodwa lubeka isisekelo sokuhumusha sesimanje okufanele sivumele umdlalo uqhubeke nokwandisa umhlaba wawo, imiphumela yawo kanye nomkhawulo wawo wokusebenza iminyaka eminingi ezayo.