I-Fedora 44 ifika ne-GNOME 50 kanye nokusekelwa okubukhali kwemidlalo ye-Wayland

Ikhaya » Python » I-Fedora 44 ifika ne-GNOME 50 kanye nokusekelwa okubukhali kwemidlalo ye-Wayland

Ngokufika I-Fedora Linux 44, ukusatshalaliswa komphakathi okuxhaswe yiRed Hat kuyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa indima yayo njenge- i-testbed yobuchwepheshe bedeskithophu kanye neseva obusezingeni eliphezuluLokhu kukhishwa akuzami ukusungula kabusha isondo, kodwa kuhlanganisa uhlu olude lokulungiswa kwezithombe, imidlalo, ukufakwa kanye neplatifomu okushukumisela uhlelo ukuthi luqhubekele phambili kokuhlangenwe nakho kwe-Linux kwesimanje, kokuqala kwe-Wayland.

I-Fedora 44 isivele itholakala njengokukhishwa okuzinzile futhi, njengenjwayelo, isebenza njenge- ipulatifomu yokubhekisela yalokho okuzofinyelela ezindaweni zebhizinisi kamuvaKusukela ku-GNOME 50 “Tokyo” kanye ne-KDE Plasma 6.6 kuya ekuphathweni kombala omusha kanye ne-HDR, i-VRR ku-Wayland kanye namamojula e-kernel ahloselwe ukudlala kangcono nge-Wine and Steam, ukusatshalaliswa kugxile ekupholisheni ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kunezici ezimemezayo kusukela ophahleni.

I-GNOME 50 Tokyo ku-Fedora Workstation 44

I-Fedora Workstation 44 ithumela i-GNOME 50, enegama eliyimfihlo "I-Tokyo", njengendawo yayo yedeskithophu ezenzakalelayo. Ngokuvumelana nesiko le-Fedora, uhlelo lwe-Workstation lunikeza ulwazi oluhlala luseduze kakhulu ne-GNOME engenhla, lugcina izandiso ezengeziwe kanye nokuguqulwa kuncane kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwesandiso selogo esilula esixhunywe kusithombe sangemuva esizenzakalelayo, kuncane okuqhekeka esibonakalayo sesitoko.

Ngale kwesendlalelo esibonakalayo, i-GNOME 50 yethula i-enekhono elingcono uhlelo lokulawula lwabazali olunemikhawulo yesikhathi kanye nokuhlunga iwebhu. Kumakhompyutha asekhaya ahlanganyelwe kanye nokusethwa kwamakilasi, lokhu kwenza kube lula ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kumafasitela noma ukunciphisa ukuphequlula kuma-akhawunti asetshenziswa abasebenzisi abasebasha, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amathuluzi aqinile avela eceleni.

Imenenja yefayela i-Nautilus nayo iyathuthuka kulo mjikelezo. Ukwakhiwa kwe-GNOME kwe-Fedora 44 kusebenzisa i- Umtapo wezincwadi we-Glycin wokubhala izithombe ngaphakathi kwezindawo ezifakwe i-sandbox, okuhloswe ngakho ukwandisa ukuqina nokuphepha lapho usebenzisana nezithombe ezivela emithonjeni engathembekile noma ezindaweni zokugcina okwabelwana ngazo. Ngokuhambisa umsebenzi wokubhala ikhodi uye engxenyeni elawulwa kakhulu, iphrojekthi ihlose ukunciphisa i-radius yokuqhuma yamaphutha angaba khona kuma-parser ezithombe.

Uhlobo olungaguquki lukaFedora olusekelwe ku-GNOME, I-Silverblue, izuza okuningi kwalokhu kuthuthukiswa kwedeskithophuAbasebenzisi abakhetha imodeli ye-athomu enezibuyekezo zesitayela sesithombe bangafinyelela izici ezifanayo ze-GNOME 50 ngenkathi begcina isisekelo sesistimu sifundwa kuphela.

I-Wayland kuqala: i-VRR, ukukala okuyingxenye kanye nombala wesimanje

Ngaphambili kwehluzo, iFedora 44 iphinda kabili phansi kwayo Isu elizenzakalelayo le-Wayland lamaseshini amakhulu edeskithophu. Ukukhishwa kukhuthaza izinga lokuvuselela eliguquguqukayo (i-VRR) kwisici esisekelwa ngokusemthethweni kumaseshini e-Wayland, okusiza ekunciphiseni ukudabuka nokungaguquguquki kuzibonisi ezihambisanayo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithengiswa ngemidlalo noma ngamanani aphezulu okuvuselela.

Eceleni kwe-VRR, i-Fedora 44 inika amandla ukukala okuyingxenye ku-Wayland, okuvumela izici eziningi zokukala ezihlanganisiwe ku-HiDPI kanye nokusethwa kwe-DPI okuxubile. Esikhundleni sokuphoqelelwa ukunamathela ku-100% noma ku-200%, abasebenzisi bangakhetha amanani aphakathi enza umbhalo kanye nezakhi ze-UI kube lula ngaphandle kwezithonjana ezinkulu noma amafasitela abangela ukugoba.

Izinguquko ze-graphics stack nazo zifaka phakathi okuqondiwe ukulungiswa komshayeli we-NVIDIA ozimele ngaphakathi kwezikhathi ze-WaylandNgokomlando, ukwesekwa kwe-NVIDIA kube yiphuzu eliyinkimbinkimbi ekusabalalisweni okuningi; ukulungiswa kwe-Fedora 44 kuhlose ukulungisa amaphutha kanye nezimo zomkhawulo ukuze abasebenzisi balawo ma-GPU babe nokuhlangenwe nakho okubikezelwayo.

Ukuphathwa kombala kungenye indawo ethola ukunakwa. Ukusatshalaliswa kusebenzisa inguqulo yesi-2 ye Iphrothokholi yokuphathwa kombala eWayland kanye nombhobho wombala ovuselelweEmpeleni, lokho kusho ukuthi ukwabelana ngesikrini manje kungalondoloza imethadatha ye-HDR ngokwethembeka, imininingwane ebalulekile yabadali, abasakazi kanye nanoma ubani osebenza ngokuqukethwe okubonakalayo okunobubanzi obuguquguqukayo ongafuni ukunemba kombala kuphele ngesikhathi isikrini siqoshwa noma sisakazwa.

I-Fedora 44 iphinde yandise ukusetshenziswa kwe I-Vulkan ne-VA‑API ezimweni zedeskithophu ekudeUkulayisha amavidiyo amaningi kanye nomsebenzi wehluzo ku-GPU ngesikhathi seseshini ezikude kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-CPU futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, okuwusizo kakhulu kulabo abavame ukuxhuma ezindaweni zokusebenza kusuka kuma-laptop noma kumakhasimende amancane.

I-KDE Plasma 6.6 kanye nesipiliyoni sokusetha esiqondakala kakhudlwana

Ngenkathi i-GNOME Workstation ithatha indawo enkulu yokugqama, i-KDE spin ye-Fedora 44 iyaqhubeka nokuvuthwa. Uhlelo manje seluthunyelwa I-KDE Plasma 6.6 njengedeskithophu yayo, futhi, ngemuva komsebenzi owenziwe mayelana ne-beta, ihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa okuhloswe ukwenza isipiliyoni sokuqala sihambisane kakhulu kuyo yonke ibhodi.

Enye yezinguquko ezibonakala kakhulu ukwethulwa kwe- uhlelo lokusebenza lokusetha i-Plasma ngemuva kokufakwaLeli thuluzi liqondisa abasebenzisi ngokucushwa kokuqala ngemva kokufakwa kwesistimu, lenza lula izinqumo ezazisakazeke ngaphambilini phakathi komfaki kanye nokungena ngemvume kokuqala. Ukuze kugwenywe izinyathelo eziphindaphindwayo, i-Anaconda—umfaki wesistimu—ilungisiwe ukuze ingasaphindi izigaba zokucushwa ezivele zimbozwe yi-Plasma Setup.

Uhlelo lwePlasma lweFedora 44 luphinde luthathe indawo ye-SDDM nge I-Plasma Login Manager (i-PLM) njengomphathi wayo wokubonisaUmgomo ukuletha indlela ebonakalayo nesebenzayo ehlangene kakhulu kusukela kuseshini yokuqalisa kuya kwedeskithophu, ngokuhambisana nezicelo zesikhathi eside ezivela kubasebenzisi ababefuna isikrini sokungena ngemvume sihlanganiswe kahle ne-Plasma ecosystem.

Lezi zinguquko ezigxile ku-KDE azikhawulelwe ekufakweni kwendabuko. I-Kinoite, ukunambitheka kwe-athomu kwe-Fedora okwakhiwe nge-Plasma, kulindeleke futhi ukuthi izuze kokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlangene, okunikeza abasebenzisi umuzwa ofanayo noma ngabe basebenzisa uhlobo oluguquguqukayo noma lwe-athomu lwe-KDE edition.

Ama-spins, ama-desktop e-athomu kanye nezakhiwo ezisekelwayo

Ngaphandle kwama-desktop amabili amakhulu, i-Fedora 44 igcina ikhathalogi ebanzi ye ama-spin nama-desktop e-athomu aqondise emisebenzini ehlukene yokusebenzaAbasebenzisi abakhetha izindawo ezilula noma ezihlukile bangakhetha phakathi kweCinnamon, Xfce, MATE, LXDE, LXQt kanye nabaphathi bewindi abakhethekile njenge-i3 kanye ne-Sway ohlwini oluguquguqukayo.

Iminikelo engaguquki yephrojekthi—manje ebizwa ngokuthi amadeskithophu e-athomu esikhundleni sokuthi “awaguquki”—faka izinketho ezisekelwe ku-Sway kanye ne-Budgie, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ze-Silverblue kanye ne-Kinoite ezaziwa kakhulu. Lezi zinhlelo zigxile ekubuyekezweni kokuthengiselana kanye nesistimu eyisisekelo elawulwa kakhulu, ekhanga labo ababeka phambili ukuhambisana kanye nokusebenza okulula kokubuyela emuva.

Kusukela kumbono wehadiwe, iFedora 44 iyasekela x86_64, i-aarch64 (i-ARM engama-64 bit) kanye ne-PowerPC engama-64 bit kumodi ye-little-endianAkuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-spin noma ze-athomu ezakhelwe ukwakheka ngakunye, kodwa lo msebenzi uyaqhubeka nokumboza izinhlobo eziningi zamadivayisi, kusukela kuma-laptop nama-desktop kuya kumaseva elebhu namabhodi okuthuthukisa.

Esikhaleni seseva nesefu, lobu bubanzi bezakhiwo buvumela abaphathi ukuthunyelwa kwezibonelo ku-stack efanayo esekela ukusatshalaliswa kwebhizinisi, ngenkathi besajabulela i-cadence yokuziphendukela kwemvelo okusheshayo echaza i-Fedora.

I-Anaconda nokufakwa: ukuhambisana okuseduze phakathi kweseshini ebukhoma kanye nesistimu efakiwe

Umjikelezo we-Fedora 44 uletha uchungechunge lwentuthuko engokoqobo ku- Umfaki we-Anaconda, ekhuluma ngezinto ezingavamile esezikhona isikhathi esideEnye yezinguquko ezibalulekile zokuziphatha ukuthi amadivayisi okugcina kuphela ahlelwe ngokucacile ngesikhathi sokufakwa manje adluliselwa ekucushweni kokugcina kwesistimu.

Lokhu kulungiswa kusiza ukugwema izimo ezingajwayelekile lapho amadiski engeziwe noma izingxenye ezibonwe ngesikhathi seseshini ebukhoma ngephutha yagcina isethwe ohlelweni olufakiwe ngisho nalapho umsebenzisi engahlosile ukuzisebenzisa. Okulindelekile ukufana okuthembekile phakathi kwalokho okukhethiwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa nalokho okubonakala uma uhlelo luqala ukusebenza kudiski yalo yendawo noma i-SSD.

Ukuphathwa kwenethiwekhi ngaphakathi kwe-Anaconda nakho kuqinisiwe. I-Fedora 44 iqinisekisa ukuthi amaphrofayili enethiwekhi adalelwa kuphela izixhumi ezilungiselelwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kunokudala inqwaba yamaphrofayili ajwayelekile angaphazamisa i-NetworkManager kamuva. Kubaphathi abaphatha izixhumi eziningi, lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlanzwa ngemva kokufakwa.

Ndawonye, ​​lezi zinguquko aziziphathi njengezihloko zezindaba zodwa, kodwa zinegalelo endleleni yokusetha engabikezeleki kakhulu futhi engadideki kakhulu—okubaluleke kakhulu uma iFedora isetshenziswa kuma-lab, kuma-test clusters noma ezindaweni zokuqeqesha.

Ukwenziwa kwe-Virtualization, ukususwa kokugcizelela okungu-32 bit kanye nokuhlelwa kwesitoreji samafu

Ngasohlangothini lwe-virtualization, i-Fedora 44 iyaqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa kancane kancane kwephrojekthi. shintshela kusipiliyoni sokusingatha esingu-64‑bit x86 esimsulwa. Ukusatshalaliswa kususa ukwesekwa kwezinga lomsingathi kwe-32 bit x86 ku-QEMU, kuyilapho kusavumela izinhlelo zezivakashi ze-32 bit ngokombono. Umyalezo oyisisekelo ucacile: ihadiwe kanye nomsebenzi womsebenzi kulindeleke ukuthi ube yi-64 bit kusukela esikhathini esizayo.

Lokhu kuthutha kuhambisana nezinyathelo zangaphambilini lapho ukwesekwa kwe-legacy 32-bit kuncishisiwe ukuze kusetshenziswe i-x86_64 yesimanjeKwemishini eminingi yamanje yedeskithophu kanye neseva lokhu ngeke kubonakale kalula, kodwa ukusethwa okudala kakhulu kungazithola kubekwe eceleni kakhulu.

Ezithombeni ze-Fedora Cloud, uhlelo lokuhlukanisa luthola ushintsho oluphawulekayo: i /boot partition ishintshela ku-Btrfs, ivumelanise nayo yonke isistimu yamafayela uma i-Btrfs isivele isetshenziswa. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukusizakala ngezici ezifana nezifinyezo kanye nokucindezelwa kuyo yonke indawo yokugcina izinto efwini kanye nokufakwa kwe-virtual.

Ukukhishwa kuthuthukisa nokusekelwa kwe-EFI ku- Izinhlelo ze-AArch64, ikakhulukazi iWindows kuma-laptop e-ARMNjengoba la madivayisi ethola ukubonakala okwengeziwe kancane kancane, ukuphathwa kwe-firmware engcono kanye nokuqaliswa kwebhuthi kunikeza abasebenzisi bamandla kanye nabathuthukisi isikhala esengeziwe sokuzama i-Fedora 44 kuleyo hardware.

Ukudlala ku-Fedora 44: Ukugxila kwe-NTSYNC, i-Games Lab kanye ne-Wayland

Nakuba iFedora ingazange izikhangise njenge- ukusatshalaliswa okugxile kumidlalo, ukukhishwa kwe-44 kuthatha izinyathelo ezibonakalayo zokuthuthukisa indlela imidlalo egijima ngayo—ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kweWayland. Ushintsho olubalulekile ukusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kwemojuli ye-kernel ye-NTSYNC yamaphakheji akhethiwe, ikakhulukazi i-Wine ne-Steam.

I-NTSYNC isebenzisana ne- ukuziphatha kokuvumelanisa intambo okusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Windows nemidlaloNgokuyivumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ku-Wine and Steam, i-Fedora 44 ihlose ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka nokuthuthukisa ukuhambisana lapho isebenzisa izihloko ze-Windows ku-Linux, okubhekana nenye yezingqinamba ezincane ezithinta ukusebenza kanye nokushelela.

Ukusatshalaliswa kuvuselela futhi Indawo yeLabhorethri Yemidlalo, manje ehlelwe ngobuchwepheshe obusha bezithombe kanye nokubeka phambili iWayland. Umqondo uwukunikeza indawo yokuhlola equkethe izinguquko zakamuva ezigxile kwezemidlalo kanye nemitapo yolwazi, okunikeza abathuthukisi kanye nabathandi indawo yokuhlola ukuthi ama-API namaphrothokholi akamuva asebenza kahle kangakanani ngaphansi kwemithwalo yemisebenzi yangempela yemidlalo.

Kuhlanganiswe ne-kernel esesikhathini kanye ne- isitaki sehluzo sakamuva seMesa, lezi zinguquko zisiza i-Fedora 44 ukuthi izibeke njengenketho eqinile kubasebenzisi abafuna ukudlala, noma ngabe ukudlala imidlalo akuyona into eyinhloko. Uma kuhlanganiswe ne-VRR, ukukala okuyingxenye kanye nokuphathwa kombala okuqaphela i-HDR ku-Wayland, umphumela wokugcina uyipulatifomu enekhono elibonakalayo lama-monitor anamuhla kanye nezihloko ezidingayo.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko, uchungechunge lwamathuluzi kanye ne-package ecosystem

Ngaphansi kwe-hood, i-Fedora 44 yakhelwe eduze kwe- I-Linux 6.19 kernel, i-Mesa 26.0.5, i-systemd 259, i-PipeWire 1.6.4 kanye ne-fwupd 2.1.2Inqubomgomo yokubuyekeza ye-Fedora isho ukuthi eziningi zalezi zingxenye zizoqhubeka nokuthola amaphutha enguqulo ngesikhathi sokuphila, kanti i-GNOME 50 kanye ne-systemd zivame ukuhlala zingashintshi, zigxile ekulungisweni kokuphepha kanye nokulungiswa kwamaphutha.

Ngasohlangothini lwedeskithophu, i-GNOME iqandisiwe ngempumelelo ku- inguqulo 50 yesikhathi se-Fedora 44. I-Plasma 6.6, esevele ikhona ku-Fedora 43, iyaqhubeka njengokuzenzakalelayo kwe-KDE edition, futhi umnyango uhlala uvulekile ukuze kube nokushayisana okungenzeka ku-Plasma 6.7 uma abanakekeli beyibona izinzile ngokwanele phakathi nomjikelezo.

Onjiniyela bazothola uchungechunge lwamathuluzi olubuyekeziwe oluhlanganisa I-GCC 16.x, i-LLVM 22 kanye ne-Glibc 2.43, kanye nokukhishwa okusha kwezilimi ezidumile kanye nezinhlaka ezifana ne-Python, Go, Ruby, PHP kanye ne-Boost 1.90. Lokhu kugcina i-Fedora ihambisana nezidingo zalabo abafuna ukukhomba ama-compiler nama-library akamuva ngaphandle kokuhlanganisa indawo yabo kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusatshalaliswa kuyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka ukuhlanganiswa kwe-backend ye-DNF5 ngaphakathi kwe-PackageKit, ukwesekwa kwe-Nix package manager kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-hardlink kumafayela afanayo kuwo wonke amaphakheji ukuze kongiwe isikhala sediski. Lokhu kulungiswa akubonakali kangako ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, kodwa kuyanda maqondana nokusebenza kahle kanye nokuphathwa.

Ukwakhiwa kabusha, i-server stack kanye nezibuyekezo zedathabheyisi

Ukuphepha nokuthembeka nakho kuthola ukukhushulwa ku-Fedora 44, njengoba lokhu kungukukhishwa kokuqala lapho wonke amaphakheji abhekwa njengangaphinde akhiqizweLokho kusho ukuthi iphakheji ingakhiwa kabusha futhi iqinisekiswe ukuze ifane nomphumela wayo wokuqala, okuqinisa ukuhlolwa futhi kusiza ukuthola izinguquko ezingalindelekile noma izinkinga zochungechunge lokunikezwa.

Uhlelo lwe-macro lwe-RPM lubona isabelo salo sokuthuthuka, kanye ama-macro amasha aqaliswa ukuze enze imisebenzi evamile isebenze ngokuzenzakalela ezincazelweni zephakheji. Kwabanakekeli, lokhu kwenza umsebenzi ophindaphindwayo ube lula futhi kunciphisa amathuba okwenza amaphutha abantu lapho bakha futhi bebuyekeza amaphakheji.

Ngaphambili kweseva, iFedora 44 iyamukela I-MariaDB 11.8 njengesizindalwazi sayo esizenzakalelayoLe nguqulo iletha ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kanye nezibuyekezo zezici ezihambisana kakhulu nalokho abaphathi abangase bakusebenzise ekugcineni ezindaweni zokuhlola zebhizinisi noma ezindaweni zangaphambi kokukhiqiza.

I-OpenSSL ithola nokulungiswa okuthi nciphisa izikhathi zokulayisha isitifiketi bese wenza imisebenzi ethile yenethiwekhi iphenduleke kakhudlwanaNakuba umthelela walezi zinguquko ungaba mfushane ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okuvamile, zinegalelo embonweni jikelele wesistimu ye-snappier, ikakhulukazi emishinini ephatha ukuxhumana okuningi okuphephile.

Ukusebenza okuphelele, ukwesekwa kwehadiwe kanye nabasebenzisi abaqondiwe

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kuma-desktop nama-laptop ahlukahlukene kusikisela ukuthi i-Fedora 44 inikeza ukuziphatha okuzinzile kwihadiwe yamanje, kusukela kumadivayisi ajwayelekile abathengi kuya ezindaweni zokusebenza ezikhethekile kakhulu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-kernel yakamuva, abashayeli be-Mesa ababuyekeziwe, i-PipeWire yomsindo kanye ne-fwupd yokuphathwa kwe-firmware kuhumusha ukuhambisana okubanzi ngaphandle kwebhokisi.

I-Wayland stack eqinisiwe—ene-VRR, ukukala okuyingxenye, ukuphathwa kombala okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuphathwa kwe-NVIDIA okuthuthukisiwe—yenza i- ideskithophu izizwa ibushelelezi futhi ihambisana kangcono nezibonisi zesimanjeUkuthuthukiswa kwedeskithophu ekude, kanye nokulungiswa kokuphathwa kwephrofayela ye-OpenSSL kanye nenethiwekhi, kuqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ulwazi lwansuku zonke ngezindlela ezikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kanye nalezo zinzuzo zesithombe kanye nokusebenziseka kalula, i-toolchain evuselelwe, ukwakhiwa okuphindaphindwayo kanye nesethi yamaphakheji amaningi kuyaqhubeka nokwenza i-Fedora 44 ipulatifomu ekhangayo yabathuthukisi, abahloli kanye nabathandiKungakhathaliseki ukuthi okubaluleke kakhulu ukushintsha izinguqulo zamathuluzi zakamuva, ukuhlola amakhono amasha e-Wayland noma ukusebenzisa ama-server stack akamuva, ukukhishwa kuhambisana nohlu lwezindlela zokusebenzisa.

Uma sibheka ndawonye, ​​i-Fedora 44 imele isinyathelo esilinganisiwe kodwa esibalulekile phambili: I-GNOME 50, i-Plasma 6.6, ukuthuthukiswa kwehluzo ezigxile eWayland, imidlalo ethuthukisiwe nge-NTSYNC kanye ne-Games Lab, ukulungiswa kwesifaki kanye nesitoreji, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okubuyekeziwe kanye ne-ecosystem yeseva Konke kuyahlangana ukuze kunikeze ukusatshalaliswa okukhuthaza intuthuko eqinile, yezobuchwepheshe kunokulungiswa okukhazimulayo, kuyilapho kugcinwa unyawo olulodwa luqinile esikhathini esizayo sedeskithophu nefu le-Linux.

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-Fedora Linux 44 Beta llega con escritorios renovados, mejoras en gaming and un fuerte impulso a las compilaciones reproducibles