Indlela Yokuchaza Noma Yimuphi Umthamo Ngemibuzo Ebuzwa Ngayo

Ikhaya » Python » Indlela Yokuchaza Noma Yimuphi Umthamo Ngemibuzo Ebuzwa Ngayo

Uma i-metric ivele kudeshibhodi, ivame ukubukeka njengeqiniso eliphelele, inombolo ehlanzekile ebonakala inengqondo futhi ingangabazekiKodwa ngaphansi kwalowo mphezulu ocwebezelayo kukhona izinketho zokumodela, izihlungi zedatha, izindawo zokugcina idatha namachibi, izincazelo, amafasitela esikhathi kanye nokuqagela okungashintsha ngokuphelele ukuthi lelo nani lisho ukuthini ngempela. Uma sibheka nje inani bese siqhubeka, empeleni sibheja izinqumo zethu ebhokisini elimnyama esingaliqondi ngokugcwele.

Indlela eqinile kakhulu ukufunda ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani noma iyiphi indlela yokukala ngokubuza imibuzo ehlelekile: yini ngempela ebalwayo, yini eshiywa ngaphandle, yiziphi izinguquko ezisetshenziswayo, yiziphi izimo ezicatshangelwayo, yini abathintekayo abakhathalelayo ngaleyo ndlela yokulinganisa nokuthi kusho ukuthini “impumelelo” kubo. Le ndlela yokucabanga ixhumanisa izindawo ezibonakala zihlukene kakhulu ekuqaleni: ubuhlakani bebhizinisi kanye Ama-ejenti e-AI, ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kanye nobuqotho bedatha, ukuqaliswa kwamasu, ukuhlukaniswa kwemigomo okusekelwe enanini, ngisho nento "efana nezibalo" njengokwenziwa kwezinto eziyinhloko.

Kungani yonke i-metric idinga ukuhlukaniswa ngemibuzo ethi "what-questions"

Izilinganiso zakha umbono onamandla wokuqinisekaIzinga lokuguqulwa elingu-3.7%, izinga lokuphumelela kokusetshenziswa kwesu, "isilinganiso sokulungiselela" ingozi ye-cyber, inkomba yezindleko zamandla noma ngisho nenombolo efana no-24 ekuzilolongeni kwezibalo konke kubukeka kuqinisekile. Kodwa ngayinye ifihla izinqumo ezifana nalezi:

• Inani labantu kufakiwe nokuthi yini ekhishwe.
• Yiziphi izehlakalo zibalwa njengempumelelo, ukwehluleka, izinsongo noma izehlakalo.
• Yisiphi isikhathi kuyalinganiswa nokuthi kungani lelo fasitela.
• Yiziphi izinguquko (ukuhlanganiswa, izilinganiso, ukwenziwa okujwayelekile) kusetshenzisiwe.
• Yiziphi izibikezelo mayelana nababambiqhaza kanye nenani lakhiwe kule fomula.

Uma ungakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nesilinganiso, akufanele ubheje ngezinqumo ezibalulekile kuso.Inombolo ingase ibe wusizo, kodwa ayikathembeki okwamanje. Ukuqhekeka inqubo yokuvula ibhokisi elimnyama nokuguqula inkomba engacacile ibe yinto ecacile futhi esebenzisekayo.

Ezindaweni ezicebile ngedatha, ukwenza lokhu ngesandla kuyo yonke i-metric ngokushesha kuba yinto engazinzileYilapho amapulatifomu obuhlakani bebhizinisi (isibonelo, i-Power BI ehlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezenziwe ngokwezifiso) kanye ama-ejenti e-AI endawo ziba zibalulekile: zisiza ekulandeleni uhlu lozalo, ziveze izihlungi ezifihliwe, zithole okungahambi kahle kanye nokubandlulula, futhi zize ziphakamise nezindlela ezingcono zokuchaza nokulandelela ukuthi yini ebaluleke ngempela ebhizinisini.

Umkhuba oyinhloko: ukubuza imibuzo ehlelekile ethi “what-questions”

Ukuhlukanisa noma iyiphi indlela yokulinganisa kuqala ngebhethri elihlelekile lemibuzo ethi "what-questions"Esikhundleni sokubuza ukuthi “Ingabe u-80% muhle noma mubi?”, ubuza izinto ezinjengalezi:

• Yini ebalwayo ngempela? (imicimbi, abasebenzisi, izikhathi, ukuthengiselana, izehlakalo…)
• Iyini iyunithi kokulinganisa? (iphesenti, inani eliphelele, amadola, i-kWh, izinsuku…)
• Yini efakiwe nokuthi yini ekhishwe ngokusobala kusuka kulokhu kubalwa?
• Isikhathi esingakanani ingabe iyasimboza nokuthi kungani kukhethwe lelo fasitela.
• Yiziphi izinguquko kwenzeke kusukela kudatha eluhlaza kuya kudeshibhodi (ukujoyina, izihlungi, ukuhlukaniswa, imikhawulo).
• Yimuphi umbambiqhaza ibheka lesi silinganiso njengebalulekile nokuthi siyini imiphumela kubo.
• Yiziphi izibikezelo mayelana nengozi, inani, ukuziphatha noma indawo ezungezile kufakiwe ekubalweni.

Lo mkhuba olula uhlukanisa ngokushesha isignali nomsindo. Izilinganiso eziningi "ezibalulekile" ziphenduka imibono engaphelele, engahambisani kahle nezinhloso zebhizinisi noma izinto zakudala ezisindayo ngoba akekho owazibuza. Ezinye ziba sobala, zichazwe kangcono futhi kube lula ukuzithuthukisa uma isakhiwo esiyisisekelo sesicacile.

Izitaki ze-BI zanamuhla zenza lokhu kuhlaziya kube lula kakhulu. Ngamamodeli wedatha aklanywe kahle namathuluzi okulandelana kozalo nokuhlola, ungachofoza ku-metric bese ubona ukuthi yimaphi amathebula, izihlungi kanye nezibalo ezingemuva kwayo. Ama-ejenti e-AI angaskena ukungahambisani (isibonelo, incazelo "yekhasimende" ehlukile kumadeshibhodi amabili) bese emaka ukungahambisani okungenzeka nencazelo yebhizinisi elihlosiwe, ngokuvamile esebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela ukuthola okudidayo.

Kusukela kumadeshibhodi kuya ezinqumweni: i-BI, i-AI kanye nesofthiwe yangokwezifiso

Ukuzibona ngeso lengqondo kuphela akwanele; ukuqonda kuwumgomo wokugcinaIdeshibhodi ekhazimulayo ku-Power BI noma kunoma yiliphi elinye ithuluzi ingabukeka ihlaba umxhwele futhi idukise wonke umuntu ekamelweni uma imibuzo eyisisekelo yalokho okungacacile. Yingakho izinhlangano ezivuthiwe zidlula ngale kwamashadi angaphambili futhi zitshale imali ku imikhuba yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela kanye ne-MLOps:

• Amamodeli edatha alawulwa kahle lapho yonke i-metric eyisihluthulelo inencazelo ebhaliwe kanye nohlu lozalo olucacile.
• Ukuhlola okuzenzakalelayo ngokungavamile, izinto ezingavamile kanye nokugxuma okusolisayo, okuvame ukwenziwa yi-AI.
• Ukuhlanganiswa ngokwezifiso phakathi kwamathuluzi e-BI nezinhlelo ezenzelwe wena, ngakho-ke izibalo zibalwa eduze nalapho izinqubo zenzeka khona ngempela.
• Izendlalelo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi ezivikela ubuqotho kanye nobumfihlo bedatha kuyo yonke impilo yayo.

Ukuhlanganisa amapulatifomu efu njenge-AWS ne-Azure nesofthiwe eyenzelwe wena kuvula uhlelo olunamandla lwe-ecosystem. Ungaklama amapayipi lapho i-metric ngayinye ixhunywe khona nomthombo wayo wedatha, izinyathelo zokuguqulwa kanye nababambiqhaza, nokuthi imiphi imibuzo engaphendulwa lapho kudingeka: yimuphi umbuzo odale le KPI, yiziphi izihlungi ezazisebenza, iyiphi imodeli eyabikezela lesi sibikezelo, iyiphi idatha yokuqeqesha enikeze leyo modeli amandla, yimuphi umkhawulo obangele lesi saziso. Lezi zakhiwo kufanele futhi zisize phinda uthole ukulawula kwama-API kanye nokuhlanganiswa.

I-AI yebhizinisi inezela ubukhulu obengeziwe: amaphethini nezibikezeloUma izisekelo zekhwalithi yedatha kanye nokulandelelwa kwayo sezikhona, i-AI ingacebisa imibuzo yakho ebheke phambili: ukuthi amakhasimende angase ayisebenzise kanjani, ukuthi yimaphi amaphrojekthi angase adlulele, ukuthi yiziphi izindleko ezikhulayo, ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezisongelayo ezithola amathuba. Imibuzo ihlala igxile kulokho, kodwa izimpendulo manje zifaka izitayela kanye namathuba kunokuba kube yizithombe ezimile nje; Imikhuba ye-AIOps ingakwazi ukusebenzisa lezi zindlela zokuqonda.

Konke lokhu kusebenza kuphela uma inhlangano itshala imali ezincazelweni ezicacile kanye nolimi oluhlanganyelweUbunjiniyela bedatha, i-AI, i-BI, ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi kanye nabanikazi bamabhizinisi kumele bavumelane ngokuthi kusho ukuthini “imali engenayo”, “usongo”, “ukulungela”, “impumelelo” noma “inani” kumongo ngamunye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-tech stack imane nje yenza ukudideka kube ngokuzenzakalela.

Kungani amasu ehluleka: izinhloso ezingahlelekile kanye nezilinganiso zempumelelo ezidukisayo

Kukhona isimangalo esidumile ku-inthanethi sokuthi phakathi kuka-63% no-87% wamasu ayahlulekaLezi zinombolo ezikhangayo zivela ezifundweni zakudala lapho izinkampani zibike khona ukudumala ngemiphumela yezezimali noma ukungaphumeleli kwezethembiso zamasu. Uma ubhekisisa, idatha ayicacile futhi iziphetho ziyihaba: asinalo izinga lokwehluleka eliqondile neliqinile ngokwesayensi lokusetshenziswa kwamasu.

Esikwaziyo ukuthi izinhlangano eziningi azijabuli ngendlela amasu azo ahumushela ngayo emiphumeleni. Ingxenye enkulu yalokho kunganeliseki ilandelwe emuva ezinhlosweni ezingahlelwanga kahle kanye nasezilinganisweni ezigxila kancane ezinombolweni zezimali, kuyilapho zinganaki ukubaluleka kwababambiqhaza kanye nokucaca kwenhloso. Kwezinye izinhlolovo, cishe ingxenye "yokwehluleka" okubikiwe isolwa ngqo ezinhlosweni ezingacacile noma ezingacacile.

Amasu angachazwanga kahle nawo anzima kakhulu ukuxhumanaUcwaningo oluxhumene nohlaka lwe-Balanced Scorecard lusikisela ukuthi ezinkampanini eziningi abasebenzi abangafika ku-95% abakwazi ukusho noma abaqondi isu. Uma abantu bengazi ukuthi bahloseni, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuchaza izilinganiso ezinhle, ungakhathazeki ngokuzihlukanisa ngemibuzo ethi-what-questions.

Izinhlaka zamasu ezifana ne-Balanced Scorecard zisiza ekwakheni ukucabanga okuzungeze izakhi ezintathu ezinkulu:

• Iphela: imigomo, izinhloso, imiphumela efiselekayo.
• Kusho: izinhlelo, amaphrojekthi, izinhlelo zesenzo.
• Ukulinganiswa: izilinganiso, ama-KPI kanye nezinkomba.

Ikhwalithi yokusebenza kwamasu incike ekutheni ungahlukanisa ngokucacile kangakanani bese uxhuma kabusha lawo mabhulokhi amathathu.. Iziphetho zisho ukuthi yiliphi inani ofuna ukulidalela abathintekayo, izindlela zichaza ukuthi uzozama kanjani ukukwenza, kanye nezilinganiso zilinganisa ukuthi wenza kahle kangakanani. Uma izinhloso zingacacile, noma lapho izindlela zifakwa emazwini ezinhloso, ukuhlukana kuba yisiphithiphithi futhi izibalo zisuka enzuzweni yangempela.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhloso ezingacacile okusekelwe enanini

Ukuze ulungise amasu angacacile, udinga ukuwahlukanisa ngomqondo owodwa oyinhloko: ukubaluleka kwabathintekayoEsikhundleni sokuphatha izinhloso njengeziqubulo, uzihlukanisa zibe yizinhloso ezincane, ezizimele ezixhumene nomuntu obambe iqhaza kanye nomqondo ocacile wenani ongalinganiswa.

Incazelo eyodwa esebenzayo yokuhlukaniswa kwamasu yilena: ukuhlukanisa izinhloso ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezingaqondakali zibe yizinhloso ezincane, ezizimele ezilinganiswa ngokusobala ngenani ezilakhayo kubabambiqhaza abathile. Lokhu akuyona indlela yokusebenza; kuyingxenye yokuhlaziya, ingxenye yokudala, kufana kakhulu nokulinganisela phakathi kokuhlela nokucabanga kwamasu kwangempela okuchazwe nguHenry Mintzberg.

Ukuze ulungiselele ukubola okusekelwe enanini, izinyathelo ezintathu zibalulekile:

• Izinjongo ezihlukene, izindlela kanye nezilinganiso ngakho awuhlanganisi izifiso, izenzo kanye nezilinganiso emushweni owodwa.
• Qonda ababambiqhaza nezidingo zabo (amakhasimende, abasebenzi, abaphathi, abalawuli, ozakwethu, njll.).
• Yenza ulimi lube lula futhi uchaze amagama ngakho wonke umuntu unokuqonda okufanayo ngemiqondo eyinhloko.

Cabanga ngenhloso ejwayelekile yesu edidayo: “Sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe ukuze uthuthukise ukulungela kwenhlangano izinsongo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngo-20% phakathi nonyaka owodwa.” Uma uqala ukukubona, kuzwakala kungathi sína futhi kulinganiswa. Uma kuqhekeka, uthola ukuthi empeleni kuhlangana ndawonye:

• Isiphetho: ukuthuthukisa ukulungela kwenhlangano izinsongo.
• Inhloso: Ukuthuthuka okungu-20%.
• Isikhathi: kungakapheli unyaka owodwa.
• Indlela: ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe (indlela eyodwa engenzeka phakathi kweziningi).

Lokhu kuyinkinga ngezizathu eziningana. Ama-20% ngokuvamile ayisifiso, angasekelwe ekuhlaziyeni ukuthi yini engenzeka noma ewusizo kubabambiqhaza. Iwindi lonyaka owodwa livame ukuqhutshwa yimijikelezo yesabelomali, hhayi ukushintshashintsha kwezingozi. Ukufakwa kwezindlela ("sebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bobuchwepheshe") ngaphakathi komgomo kuvala ezinye izindlela, ezingaba ngcono.

Inhloso ehlanzekile ngemva kokubola kungaba nje: “Thuthukisa ukulungela kwenhlangano izinsongo.” Imibuzo eba yilokhu: kusho ukuthini “ukulungela”, yiziphi izinhlobo zezinsongo ezibalulekile, yiziphi izinhlaka ezikhathalela kakhulu, yiziphi izilinganiso esingazisebenzisa ukulinganisa ukulungela, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izinhloso ezingaphansi ezidingekayo ukuze kushukunyiswe lezo zilinganiso.

Ukucacisa abathintekayo, imigomo kanye nolimi

Uma usususe ubuqili ezinhlosweni eziphezulu, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuba neqiniso mayelana nokuthi sikhuluma ngobani nokuthi yiniIsibonelo sethu sokulungiselela, ababambiqhaza abafanele bangafaka (futhi balinganiswe kusetshenziswa ukuhlaziywa kwedatha nge-SQL):

• Ithimba labaholi, ekhathazekile ngomthelela weqhinga kanye nowezezimali.
• Abasebenzi, njenge-IT, i-HR, amaqembu ezomthetho kanye nabaqashiwe abasha abavezwe kumamodeli emisebenzi emisha.
• amakhasimende, ovezwe ukuphazamiseka kwesevisi noma ukwephulwa kwedatha.
• nabalawuli, igxile ekulandeleni imithetho kanye nokuphathwa kwezingozi.

Ukwenza lula ulimi kusiza ekuqedeni ukukhuluma okungacacile kwezinkampaniAmagama anjengokuthi “inzuzo” ngokuvamile angashintshwa ngokuthi “ukusetshenziswa”; “ubuchwepheshe bobuchwepheshe” kufanele buchazwe (amakhono okuphepha, ulwazi lwengqalasizinda, ulwazi lokuthobela imithetho, njll.); “izinsongo ezibaluleke kakhulu” zidinga isilinganiso esicacile sokulinganisa ubungozi noma uhlu oluqondile lwezinhlobo zezinsongo.

Sibe sesiphendula imibuzo eqondile yokuthi yimiphi imigomo yethu ebalulekile:

• Sisho ukuthini ngempela ngokuthi “ukulungela” ngokombono wabathintekayo ngamunye?
• Yiziphi izinsongo esizikhathalelayo ngempela futhi sizihlukanisa kanjani?

Enye incazelo yokusebenza yokulungiselela ingaba isethi efana: {ukuhlaziywa kwezinsongo kwenziwe, uhlelo lokuvimbela lukhona, uhlelo lokuphendula lubhaliwe, uhlelo lokutakula luhlolwe}. Izinsongo zingahlukaniswa ngokuthi {ezihlobene nesimo sezulu, ukuphepha kwe-cyber, ushintsho lomphakathi (njengokusebenza kude), ezihlobene namandla}. Lezi zincazelo zingafakwa ngqo kumephu yakho yesu noma ikhadi lamaphuzu, noma zichazwe ngokusemthethweni ngezimpawu zokuhlela ezifana ne-Planguage uma ukhetha imininingwane eqinile.

Ngemva kwalokhu kuhlanzwa, inhloso yokuqala iyaguqulwa kuya kokuthi “Thuthukisa ukulungela kwenhlangano izinsongo” okulula, “ukulungela” kanye “nezinsongo” kuchazwe ngokucacile. Ukusuka lapho ungaqala ukuhlukanisa inhloso ngenani lababambiqhaza, hhayi ngamazwi ahlaba umxhwele.

Ukubola okusekelwe enanini vs ukubola okusekelwe enqubweni

Izinhlangano eziningi zihlukanisa ngokwemvelo izinhloso ngenqubo, hhayi ngenaniCabanga ngokufunda ulimi lwangaphandle ohlelweni lwesikole lwendabuko: udlula ezahlukweni zohlelo lolimi, uhlu lwamagama kanye nezivivinyo ezihlelekile. Inani kubafundi (ukukwazi ukubhekana nezimo zangempela) livame ukuhlolwa kamuva kakhulu, ezivivinyweni ezingabonisi ngokugcwele ingxoxo yangempela.

Ukuqhekeka okusekelwe enanini kuguqula lo mqondoEsikhundleni sokuqala ngezinqubo (“funda uhlelo lolimi, bese kuba ulwazimagama, bese uzijwayeza”), uqala ngezimo eziqondile ezibaluleke kakhulu kubafundi: uku-oda ukudla, ukusingatha izinkinga zokuhamba, ukuxhumana nabantu, ukusebenza ngolimi. Bese uletha uhlelo lolimi kanye nolwazimagama kuphela uma kudingeka ukusekela lezo zimo zenani.

Isimiso esifanayo siyasebenza nasesu lebhizinisiUkubola ngenani kusho:

• Ukuletha inani ngokushesha, ngoba izinhloso ezincane zihlobene nezidingo zangempela zababambiqhaza.
• Ukuthola ukulawula okungcono kwezinsizakusebenza, njengoba isabelomali kanye nomzamo kuhambisana nezinhlelo ezithile zokudala inzuzo.
• Ukunciphisa imijikelezo yokufunda, njengoba inhloso encane ngayinye inikeza impendulo esheshayo yokuthi ngabe ukucabanga mayelana nenani bekulungile yini.

Uyayeka ukubola uma kuhlangatshezwana nezimo ezimbili: usufinyelele ezingeni lemisebenzi engenziwa, futhi ungalinganisa inani lababambiqhaza abafanele ngezilinganiso ezinengqondo. Ngaphambi kwalokho, uqhubeka nokwephula umgomo wezinga eliphezulu ube yizicucu ezincane, ezizimele.

Lo mzila wokucabanga uyabonakala ngisho nasemizamweni yobunjiniyela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lapho u-Elon Musk echaza ukwakha idolobha eMars, uhlukanisa umgomo ube yimigomo emincane: indlela esheshayo eya erokhethini eliphinde lisetshenziswe ngokugcwele, bese kuba yindlela esheshayo yokujikeleza, bese kuba yindlela yokukhiqiza ethembekile, njalo njalo. Umklamo weStarship ngokwawo uhlukanisa inkinga enkulu yokuqhuma ibe yizinjini eziningi ezincane esikhundleni seyodwa enkulu. Umqondo ofanayo kufanele uqondise indlela ohlukanisa ngayo "ukulungiselela ngcono izinsongo" okungacacile kube yizicucu ezisebenzayo.

Izibonelo ezingokoqobo: ukuhlukanisa ukulungela kube yimigomo emincane, elinganisekayo

Cabanga ukuthi ufuna ukuthuthukisa ukulungela izinsongo zomphakathi ezihlobene nomsebenzi wokude, kufaka phakathi izingozi ezivela kuzandiso ze-IDE ezisengozini njengalezo ezichazwe ezindaweni zonjiniyela; ukubuyekezwa kokuphepha okugxile kanye nohlelo lokunciphisa kungaba yigatsha elilodwa lokubola (izandiso ze-IDE ezisengozini).

Kuleli zinga, ungakha izitatimende eziqondile zengozi kanye nezinyathelo zokuqalisaIsibonelo, ingozi eyodwa ethile ingaba “izingozi zomthetho zomsebenzi osebenza kude ngaphesheya kwemingcele”. Isinyathelo esigxile enzuzweni singaba “ukuvuselela izinkontileka zomsebenzi ukuze zifake isigaba sokudluliselwa kwempahla yobuhlakani kubasebenzi abasebenza kude ezindaweni ezahlukene”.

Lezi zinhlelo zesikhashana, ziqondile futhi zingafezwa. Abaxazululi zonke izingozi zomsebenzi osebenza kude ngesikhathi esisodwa kodwa bashukumisa inaliti engxenyeni yokulungiselela okukhathalelwa amaqembu ezomthetho kanye nabaholi. Qaphela ukuthi ukuwohloka kuguqule kanjani isifiso esingacacile saba yisinyathelo esibonakalayo nesivivinywayo.

Ukuwohloka ngenani kuvumela nentuthuko ezimele ezindaweni ezahlukeneElinye igatsha lomuthi wokulungela lingagxila ezinsongweni ezihlobene namandla, njengentengo yamandla eguquguqukayo. Inhloso encane lapho kungaba “ukulungela izindleko zamandla”, ngesinyathelo esisebenzayo esifana “nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokufaka amandla e-photovoltaic”.

Uma nje izinhloso ezincane zizimele kakhulu, amaqembu ahlukene angasebenza kuzo ngesikhathi esisodwa. I-HR kanye nezomthetho zingasingatha izinguquko zenkontileka zezisebenzi ezikude ngenkathi izikhungo kanye nezezimali zihlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenza kwelanga, ngayinye iqondiswa yisethi yayo yemibuzo kanye nezilinganiso ezihlobene nenani lababambiqhaza.

Inani lokulinganisa: kusukela ezinhlosweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu kuya ezilinganisweni eziqondile

Ukubola akuphelele kuze kube yilapho inani lingalinganiswa ngendlela enenjongoLokho akusho ukuthi udinga izilinganiso eziphelele, kodwa udinga izinkomba futhi lungiselela imibuzo ukuze isebenze kahle ezibamba lokho abathintekayo abakukhathalelayo ngempela, ngaphandle kokuba kubize kakhulu ukukala noma okungenakwenzeka ukukuhumusha.

Thatha isibonelo sangaphambilini "sokulungela umsebenzi wokude". Eqenjini lobuholi, isilinganiso esisodwa esibalulekile semiphumela singaba “isikhathi sokusebenza ngokugcwele kwabaqashiwe abasha”, ikakhulukazi kulabo abasebenza kude. Isikhathi esifushane sokukhuphuka sibonisa ukuthi inhlangano ikulungele kangcono ukungena nokuhlanganisa ithalente elikude.

Kubasebenzi be-HR kanye nabasebenzi abasha, izinkomba zokusebenza ezengeziwe zingabaluleka kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Izinga lokwamukelwa kwamathuluzi okusebenzisa isu ngabaqashi abasha, %.
• Isabelo samaqembu asebenzisa izindlela zokulinganisa ukusebenza ezisekelwe emiphumeleni, %.

Ngayinye yalezi zilinganiso ixhunywe kuhlelo oluthile noma isethi yezinhleloIphesenti lokulinganisa ukusebenza okusekelwe kumphumela lingahlotshaniswa nento efana nokuthi “ukusungula umthombo owodwa weqiniso wokusebenza kwephrojekthi namasu” nokuqeqesha abaphathi ukuthi bawusebenzise.

"Ukulungiselela izindleko zamandla", kusebenza isethi ehlukile yemethrikhiNgemva kokuhlaziya kokuqala, ungase ulandelele:

• Isidingo samandla samanje, ku-kWh.
• Ukukhishwa kwamandla okulindelekile kokufakwa kwe-photovoltaic okuhleliwe phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika.
• Iphesenti lesidingo elimbozwe umthamo we-PV.
• Izindleko zigwenywe, ngamayunithi emali, uma kuqhathaniswa namanani ayisisekelo.

Ngezinye izikhathi isibonakaliso esiwusizo kakhulu senani ukuqhathanisa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Cabanga ngomnikazi wendlu enquma ukuthi uzofaka yini amakhamera okuphepha. Bangase bangakhi imodeli ephelele yengozi, kodwa basengacabanga ngokuthi: ubunzima bokufaka amakhamera kanye nokuhlola izexwayiso ngezikhathi ezithile kuphansi kunobunzima bokuqasha umuntu ozoqapha impahla ngokoqobo. Lapho kwenzeka isenzakalo sezulu esibi kakhulu, futhi ikhamera iveza ifenisha ishaywa emgwaqweni womphakathi, inani laleso sinqumo liba yinto esobala ngokuzumayo.

Ukusebenzisa imijikelezo yokufunda ukuze kuthuthukiswe izibalo kanye nemigomo ehlukanisiwe

Ukuhlukaniswa kwesakhiwo akuwona umsebenzi wokuklama wesikhathi esisodwa; kuyingxenye yomjikelezo wokufunda oqhubekayoUma izinhloso ezingaphansi kanye nezilinganiso sezikhona, uqapha igebe phakathi kwemiphumela elindelekile kanye neyangempela bese ulungisa kokubili imigomo kanye nezilinganiso ngokukhanya kobufakazi.

Iluphu yokufunda ewusizo ezungeze izinhloso ezihlukanisiwe ivame ukufaka:

• Ukubukeza umehluko phakathi kwemiphumela elindelwe kanye nefinyelelwe yomgomo ngamunye ongaphansi.
• Ukuthola izimbangela eziyinhloko kunokuma ezincazelweni ezingaphandle.
• Ukulungisa izilinganiso uma beqhuba ukuziphatha okungalungile noma bengabonisi inani lababambiqhaza.
• Ukwengeza izinhloso ezincane noma amagatsha amasha uma uthola izinto ezifihliwe ngaphambilini.
• Ukubukeza kabusha inhloso ephezulu uma ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi yayisekelwe enkingeni engalungile.

Kuwo wonke lo mjikelezo, isiyalo semibuzo ethi-what-questions sikugcina uthembekile. Yini eshintshe endaweni ezungezile? Yikuphi ukucabanga okwaba yiphutha? Yimuphi idatha entsha esinayo? Iyiphi ingxenye yesakhiwo esibolile engasasebenzi? Ngokubuza nokuphendula le mibuzo ngendlela ehlelekile, amaqembu angagwema ukunamathela ngenkani ekuboleni okuhle kodwa okungasebenzi kahle.

Ukusekelwa kwesofthiwe kungenza lokhu kulungiswa okuphindaphindiwe kusebenze kangcono kakhuluAmathuluzi afana ne-BSC Designer noma amapulatifomu okuphatha amasu afanayo akuvumela ukuthi ugcine umuthi olandelanayo wezinhloso, izilinganiso, izinhlelo, izingozi kanye nemibono. Ungabela izinsimbi emigomweni engaphansi emele ukubaluleka kwazo kubabambiqhaza, bese ulungisa lezo zinsimbi njengoba ufunda kabanzi kudatha.

Amathuluzi awusizo okuhlukaniswa kwemigomo kanye ne-metric

Isofthiwe ekhethekile yokwenza amasu kanye nokubhala amaphuzu isiza ekusebenzeni konke okuchazwe kuze kube manjeEsikhundleni sokugcina ukubola kwakho kumaslayidi noma kumaspredishithi, ugcina isakhiwo esibukhoma esixhumanisa izinhloso, abathintekayo, izilinganiso kanye nezinhlelo.

Ezinye izici ezisebenzayo ezisekela ukubola okusekelwe kulokho zifaka phakathi:

• Amaphrofayili noma imibono ekhombisa kuphela amakholomu abalulekile okuhlukaniswa: amagama aqondile, izinkomba, izinhlelo, amasimu abathintekayo, amayunithi okulinganisa kanye nesisindo.
• Ukwakhiwa okusheshayo kwezinhloso ezintsha kanye nezinhloso ezincane (isibonelo, izinqamuleli zekhibhodi zokwengeza izinto ezingeni elifanayo noma elilandelayo).
• Izinkambu ezinikezelwe zezinhlelo, izingozi kanye nemibono, ezinezimpawu noma izimpawu zokuzihlukanisa.
• Ukuphawula ngento ngayinye ukuze kuthathwe ulwazi mayelana nokuqagela, imingcele noma impendulo yabathintekayo.
• Amakholomu esisindo kuthebhu yokusebenza ukuze amele ukubaluleka okulinganiselwe kwemigomo engaphansi.

Ukulinganisa isisindo kuyasiza kakhulu lapho ababambiqhaza benezidingo eziningi ezincintisanayo kodwa bengenazo izinsiza ezidingekayo.Ngemva kokuhlola kokuqala, ungabeka izisindo eziqondakala kalula noma ezisuselwe ekuhlaziyeni ezinhlosweni ezincane ezifana "nokulungela izindleko zamandla" uma kuqhathaniswa "nokulungela imikhawulo yokusetshenziswa kwamandla", okubonisa ukubaluleka kwazo kobuholi ngaleso sikhathi.

Ukuzenzakalela kungasiza nasekubekeni phambili izinto eziza kuqalaUma usunezilinganiso zenani kanye nesisindo esilinganiselwe, izinhlaka ezilula zokubeka phambili noma amamodeli okuthuthukisa athuthukile angasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi uzokwabela kuphi isabelomali kanye nokunaka. Noma kunjalo, ikhwalithi yalezi zinqumo incike ekutheni ukuhlukaniswa kwakho kubonisa kahle kangakanani inani langempela lababambiqhaza nokuthi ugcina kanjani izincazelo zakho kanye nemibuzo ehlobene.

Kukho konke lokhu, ukuphepha akukwazi ukuba yinto ecatshangelwe kamuvaNjengoba uqoqa, uhlanganisa futhi ubala ulwazi olubucayi mayelana nokusebenza, izingozi kanye nokusebenza, izinsizakalo zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi kumele zivikele ubuqotho, ukutholakala kanye nobumfihlo bedatha. Uma othile engakwazi ukuguqula idatha eyisisekelo noma nge-logic yokubala, zonke izibalo zakho ezihlukaniswe ngokucophelela azithembeki.

Ekugcineni, amandla anoma yisiphi isinqumo awasekelwe ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kwedeshibhodi, kodwa ekhonweni lakho lokuhlukanisa yonke i-metric nayo yonke inhloso ibe yizingxenye zayo ezibalulekile.Uma ukwazi ukuphendula imibuzo eqondile mayelana nezincazelo, ukufakwa, ukukhishwa, ukuguqulwa, abathintekayo kanye nokuqagela, uguqula izinombolo kusuka ezintweni zokuhlobisa zibe izimpawu ezithembekile. Uma ungakwazi ukwenza lokho ngesibonakaliso esithile, leso akusona isizathu sokuyeka; kuyisibonakaliso sakho ukuthi i-metric idinga ukuchazwa kabusha, yakhiwe kabusha noma ngisho nokulahlwa ukuze empeleni ifeze imigomo yangempela yenhlangano yakho.