I-Running Flask ku-Python yisihloko esibaluleke kakhulu, esibangelwa ukuguquguquka kwayo nokusebenza kahle ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu. Ukuze uyiqonde ngempela I-Flask, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke umsuka wayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo. I-Flask wuhlaka lwewebhu lwamahhala, olunomthombo ovulekile olubhalwe ngePython. Isiqalo saso 'esincane' asisho ukuthi i-Flask ayinakho ukusebenza, kodwa kunalokho ibeka kuqala i-modularity nokuba lula, ihlinzeka ngamathuluzi adingekayo ukuze abathuthukisi bakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu eziyinkimbinkimbi kuyilapho begcina ukulawula phezu kwezingxenye zohlelo lokusebenza. I-Flask ivamise ukukhethwa ngenxa ye-syntax yayo esebenziseka kalula, i-modularity, kanye ne-ecosystem ecebile yezandiso.
I-Flask isibe yisinqumo esidumile ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu, enikeza uhlu olubanzi lwezinzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlaka. Imvelo yayo โencaneโ iqinisekisa ukuthi ayisindi futhi ilula, kodwa inamandla ngendlela emangalisayo uma ihlanganiswe nezinye izandiso.
I-Flask egijima ku-Python
Ukuze usebenzise i-Flask ku-Python, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Python ifakiwe kukhompyutha yakho futhi ene-Flask Library nayo ifakiwe. I-Flask ingafakwa nge-pip, umphathi wephakheji ojwayelekile wePython.
Ukufaka i-Flask, sebenzisa umyalo olandelayo kukhonsoli yakho:
pip install flask
Uma I-Flask isifakiwe, uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Flask oluyisisekelo luhlanganisa ukudala isibonelo se-Flask class kanye nokuchaza imizila. Umzila iphethini ye-URL esetshenziswa uhlelo lokusebenza ukwamukela nokuphendula izicelo ze-HTTP.
from flask import Flask app = Flask(__name__) @app.route('/') def home(): return "Hello, World!" if __name__ == '__main__': app.run()
Umyalo othi `app.run()` uqala iseva yokuthuthukisa futhi uqalise uhlelo lokusebenza.
Ihlola Ikhodi Yeflask
Kumazwibela ekhodi ngenhla, siqala ngokungenisa imojuli yeFlask bese sakha iseva yewebhu yeFlask kusuka kumojula yeFlask. `__igama__` liyisinqamuleli esilungele lokhu, esifanele izimo eziningi. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngoba iFlask idinga ukwazi ukuthi ingazibheka kuphi izinsiza njengezifanekiso namafayela amile.
I-`@app.route('/')` iwumhlobisi wePython ohlinzekwa yiFlask ukuze kwabele ama-URL kuhlelo lokusebenza emisebenzini. Lo mhlobisi utshela iFlask ukuthi ibize umsebenzi othi โekhayaโ noma nini lapho othile evakashela i-URL eyinhloko yohlelo lwethu lokusebenza.
Umsebenzi `ikhaya()` ubizwa lapho umzila ohlotshisiwe ushaywa. Lo msebenzi ubuyisela umbhalo othi โSawubona, Mhlaba!โ, oboniswa esikrinini somsebenzisi lapho efinyelela kuleyo URL.
Umbandela othi `uma __igama__ == '__main__':` uyiqiniso, lapho iskripthi siqhutshwa ngokuqondile kumhumushi we-python futhi singasetshenziswa njengemojula engenisiwe.
Umsebenzi `app.run()` usetshenziselwa ukuqalisa iseva yohlelo lokusebenza yokuthuthukisa yasendaweni.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Flask kulula futhi kusebenza kahle, kunendawo yokukhula nokuba yinkimbinkimbi kuye ngezidingo zohlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Ngokuqonda ukuhamba komsebenzi kanye nesakhiwo sekhodi, noma ubani angaqala ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ezinamandla.
Imitapo yolwazi Eyengeziwe kanye Nemisebenzi
Ukusebenza kwe-flask namandla kunganwetshwa ngezandiso nemitapo yolwazi ehlukahlukene. Ezinye izandiso ze-Flask ezidumile zifaka i-Flask-SQLAlchemy yolwazi, i-Flask-WTF yamafomu, kanye ne-Flask-Login yokuqinisekisa umsebenzisi.
Sengiphetha, ukuba lula kweFlask, kuhambisana nokusebenza kwayo okubanzi kanye nokwenzeka kokuhlanganiswa nemitapo yolwazi eqinile yePython, kuyenze yaba ukukhetha okudumile nokuphumelelayo ekuthuthukisweni kwewebhu. Isakhiwo sayo esingasindi kanye ne-syntax ecacile, emfushane iyenza ibe ithuluzi elinamandla labaqalayo kanye namakhodi anolwazi ngokufanayo.