- Isijobelelo se-.html siyisandiso sefayela esijwayelekile futhi asisona uphawu oluqondile lokukhwabanisa.
- Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi kanye ne-INCIBE bagxila ekuhlaziyeni yonke iwebhusayithi, hhayi ukuphela kwayo kwe-URL kuphela.
- Amafulegi abomvu angempela afaka phakathi ama-https angekho, izitifiketi ezingavumelekile kanye nezicelo zedatha ezisolisayo.
- Imfundo yedijithali kanye nokungabaza okunempilo kuyisihluthulelo sokugwema ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokukhwabanisa ku-inthanethi.
Ezinyangeni ezedlule, umbuzo othize kakhulu ubulokhu uvela kaningi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, izinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo kanye nezinkundla zobuchwepheshe: Ingabe iwebhusayithi ingabizwa ngokuthi inkohliso ngoba nje ikheli layo liphela ngo-“.html”? Lo mbono uzwakala ulula futhi kulula ukuwukhumbula, ngakho-ke usakazeke ngokushesha ezingomeni ezisakazwa kabanzi kanye nemiyalezo ethusayo.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi le nkolelo inaso yini isisekelo sangempela sobuchwepheshe, izintatheli, abasebenzisi kanye nezikhungo baye baphendukela ku- ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-cyber, i-Spanish National Cybersecurity Institute (INCIBE) kanye namathuluzi e-AI afana ne-ChatGPTIzincazelo zabo zivumelana ephuzwini elifanayo: ukuba khona kwe Isijobelelo se-.html ku-URL, ngokwaso, asinqumi ukuthi isayithi lisemthethweni noma liyinkohliso.
Lokho okushiwo yi-.html ephetha nge-URL ngempela
Ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe, Isiphetho esithi “.html” simane nje sisandiso sefayela samadokhumenti e-HTML, ulimi olujwayelekile olusetshenziswa ekwakheni amakhasi ewebhu kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ze-inthanethi. Uma isiphequluli silayisha i-URL ephela ku-“.html”, empeleni sitshelwa ukuthi silande futhi sibonise ifayela elithile le-HTML.
Lesi sandiso sivame ukukhombisa ukufinyelela ku- ikhasi lewebhu elingaguquki, lapho okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kugcinwa kufayela elilodwa kunokuba kwenziwe ngokushesha uhlelo lokusebenza oluseceleni kweseva. Amawebhusayithi amaningi asemthethweni ngokuphelele, ikakhulukazi lawo adalwe emashumini eminyaka adlule noma agcinwe ngesakhiwo sendabuko, asasebenzisa lesi sijobelelo ngokubonakalayo emakhelini awo.
Ngenxa yalokho, ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi kukhona akukho ubudlelwano obuqondile, obuzenzakalelayo phakathi kokusebenzisa i-.html nokuzibandakanya ebugebengwini be-inthanethi. Abakhwabanisi bakhululekile ukuklama amawebhusayithi abo okukhwabanisa cishe nganoma iyiphi iphethini ye-URL abayithandayo, enezandiso ezibonakalayo noma ezingenazo. Ngakho-ke ukugxila engxenyeni yokugcina yekheli kuyadukisa.
Amapulatifomu esimanje avame ukufihla izandiso zamafayela ngokuphelele, kodwa lokho akuzenzi ziphephe ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngendlela efanayo, ikhasi elibonisa ngokucacile i-“.html” lingaba yingxenye ye- iwebhusayithi ethembekile, ehlala isikhathi eside. Isici esibalulekile akusona isijobelelo ngokwaso kodwa ukucushwa kanye nokuziphatha kwesayithi iyonke.
Kungani i-.html ingeyona inkomba yokukhwabanisa ethembekile
Lapho kukhulunywa ngalesi simangalo esisabalele, I-ChatGPT icacisa ukuthi isijobelelo se-.html sodwa asinakuphathwa njengobufakazi bokukhwabanisa. Kumane kungenye yezindlela eziningi ezingaba khona zokuhlela ikheli lewebhu futhi kubonisa indlela amafayela ahlelwe ngayo kuseva, kunokuba kubonise izinhloso zanoma ubani ophethe ikhasi.
Ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi banezela ukuthi abadlali abanonya bajwayela ngokushesha futhi bangasebenzisa noma iyiphi ifomethi ye-URL. Bangase bakopishe isakhiwo semikhiqizo eyaziwayo, basebenzise izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifihla isandiso, noma bathembele ngisho nasezixhumanini ezifinyeziwe ezifihla ikheli lokuqala ngokuphelele. Ukukhiya iphethini eyodwa, njengokuthi “kuphela ngo-.html”, akunaki ukuthi abahlaseli baguquguquka kangakanani ngempela.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-portal amaningi kahulumeni, izikhungo zemfundo kanye namasayithi amabhizinisi amancane asasebenzisa amafayela e-HTML avamile njengamakhasi awo ayinhlokoUkubajezisa noma ukungabethembi ngoba nje amakheli abo ehlala kule fomethi yakudala kungaholela ezixwayisweni zamanga eziningi kanye nokwesaba okungadingekile phakathi kwabasebenzisi.
Ngakho-ke ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi ukwelapha Isiphetho esithi “.html” njengefulegi elibomvu elijwayelekile siyiphutha elingalungile, okuzelwe kakhulu yizinganekwane nokungaqondani kunobufakazi bangempela obuqoqwe ophenyweni lwangempela lokukhwabanisa ku-inthanethi.
Lokho ochwepheshe abakuncomayo ukuhlola esikhundleni sokubheka nje isijobelelo
Esikhundleni sokugxila ekutheni i-URL iphela kanjani, izikhungo ezifana ne- I-National Cybersecurity Institute of Spain (INCIBE) yeluleka ukunaka isethi ebanzi yezimpawu. Lezi zinto zinikeza umbono ongokoqobo kakhulu wokuthi ngabe isayithi lizama ukukhohlisa abasebenzisi.
Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko Okugqanyiswe yi-INCIBE kanye nabanye ochwepheshe yilokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwephrothokholi ye-https: isitifiketi sedijithali esisebenzayo kanye nokuxhumeka okubethelwe (https kune-http ecacile) kusiza ukuvikela idatha ethunyelwayo. Nakuba kungesona isiqinisekiso esiphelele sokwethembeka, ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwama-https emakhasini acela ulwazi olubucayi kuyisibonakaliso esikhathazayo.
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwezitifiketi zokuphepha: iziphequluli zesimanje zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlole isitifiketi, umkhiphi waso kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwaso. Izitifiketi ezizisayinile noma lezo ezibangela izixwayiso zingase zibonise ukulungiselelwa okubi noma ingozi engaba khona.
- Isipelingi kanye nekhwalithi yesizinda: izizinda ezilingisa imikhiqizo eyaziwayo enamagama angalungile abhalwe phansi, izinhlamvu ezengeziwe noma iziphetho ezingavamile zivame ukuphakamisa umzamo wokulingisa.
- Idumela nomlando wendawo: ukuhlola ukuthi iwebhusayithi ibhekiselwa yini ezinhlanganweni ezithembekile, ivela ezinhlokweni ezisemthethweni noma ibikwe ngokukhwabanisa kunikeza umongo omkhulu kunokumane ubheke ku-“.html”.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zici zobuchwepheshe, I-ChatGPT nezinye izinhlelo ze-AI zincoma ukubheka umongo ophelele wekhasiLokhu kufaka phakathi ukucaca kolwazi olunikeziwe, ukucaca mayelana nokuthi ubani ophethe isayithi kanye nokuba khona kwamaqhinga okumaketha anolaka kakhulu noma angacacile acindezela abasebenzisi ukuba benze ngokushesha.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile ukuqaphela amafomu acela idatha yomuntu siqu noma yezezimali engadingekile, njengezinombolo zomazisi ezigcwele, iziqinisekiso zasebhange noma imininingwane ephelele yekhadi lesikweletu emakhasini lapho kungekho sizathu esicacile sokuzicela. Ama-pop-up noma ukuqondisa kabusha okungazelelwe lapho uchofoza izixhumanisi ezibonakala zingenangozi nakho kungabonisa ukuziphatha okusolisayo.
Indlela izinganekwane eziphathelene ne-.html kanye nokukhwabanisa ezisakazeka ngayo ku-inthanethi
Umbono wokuthi “uma i-URL iphela ngo-.html, kuyinkohliso” ubonakala uvela ku- ukuhunyushwa kabi kwenkulumo yobuchwepheshe kanye neseluleko sokuphepha kwe-inthanethiKweminye imikhankaso yokuqwashisa, abasebenzisi batshelwa ukuthi banake amakheli angajwayelekile noma angajwayelekile, kodwa lo mlayezo ngezinye izikhathi uye wenziwa lula waze waba yinto edidayo.
Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwe-AI kanye nokuphawula kochwepheshe, abantu bavame ukuxuba izandiso zamafayela namaphethini anonyaUkubona isijobelelo abangasijwayele, noma leso abasihlobanisa namawebhusayithi amadala, kungabangela ukungathembani, yize isandiso ngokwaso singenalo isixhumanisi sangaphakathi sokukhwabanisa.
Lokhu kudideka kukhuliswa yi- okuthunyelwe okusabalele, imiyalezo yochungechunge kanye nezingxoxo ezithusayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, lapho izimangalo zivame ukwabelwana ngazo ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa. Umusho ophindaphindwayo izikhathi ezanele, ngisho noma ungenabo ubufakazi, ungagcina uzwakala njengeqiniso eliqinisekisiwe engxenyeni enkulu yabasebenzisi.
Izigebengu ze-inthanethi zingasebenzisa imibono enjalo engalungile njengesithikamezo. Nakuba abanye abasebenzisi bekhathazeka kakhulu ngokuthi i-URL iyabonisa yini i-“.html”, abahlaseli bangase bathembele kumasu ayimfihlo, njenge ukudala amakhophi akholisayo amakhasi okungena ngemvume ngophawu olungokoqobo kanye nemiklamo ebukeka ivikelekile.
Ochwepheshe abavela ezikhungweni ezifana namapulatifomu e-INCIBE kanye ne-AI bagcizelela ukuthi abasebenzisi kudingeka bashintshe ukunaka kwabo kusuka emininingwaneni yobuchwepheshe ehlukanisiwe baye ekuziphatheni okuphelele kwewebhusayithiIndlela ikhasi eliphatha ngayo idatha, elixhumana ngayo nezivakashi futhi lihlanganisa izinhlelo zokukhokha ibaluleke kakhulu kunokuthi liveza yini isandiso sefayela kubha yekheli noma cha.
Amaqhinga obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi adlula kakhulu iziphetho ze-URL ezilula
Imikhankaso yamanje yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ibonisa ukuthi kulinganiselwe kangakanani ukuthembela emthethweni owodwa njengokuthi “gwema i-.html”. Abahlaseli manje basebenzisa amasu ahlanganisiwe ahlanganisa ubunjiniyela bezenhlalo, ukulingisa okubonakalayo kanye nengcindezi yengqondo ukuze bakholise izisulu ukuthi zabelane ngolwazi lwazo lomuntu siqu.
Isibonelo, i-imeyili ekhohlisayo ingase yenze sengathi ivela ebhange, esitolo esiku-inthanethi noma enkampanini yokulethwa kwempahla. I-URL esemlayezweni ingabonakala iwubungcweti, isebenzise ama-https futhi ifake ngisho negama lomkhiqizo, kodwa usaqondisa kabusha ekhasini eliqanjwe ngobuhlakani elenzelwe kuphela ukuthwebula imininingwane yokungena noma izinombolo zekhadi.
La makhasi angase abonise noma angabonisi isandiso esibonakalayo njenge-“.html”. Amaningi awo kukhiqizwe ngokuguquguqukayo noma kubanjwe kumawebhusayithi asengozini. Ukukhetha isakhiwo kuncike kakhulu ekulula komhlaseli kunanoma yisiphi isidingo sokulandela iphethini ethile.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi Isivikelo sangempela ngokumelene nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi sisekuqaphelweni komsebenzisi kanye nokucabanga okujulileUkuqinisekisa imiyalezo ngeziteshi ezisemthethweni, ukugwema izixhumanisi ezivela kubathumeli abangaziwa kanye nokunaka uhlelo lolimi, ithoni kanye nomongo ekuxhumaneni konke kuyimikhuba ebalulekile.
Amathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa njenge-ChatGPT angasiza ngokuthi ukuchaza izimpawu ezisolisayo nokucacisa imiqondo yobuchwepheshe, kodwa azithathi indawo yokuziphatha okuqaphile. Abasebenzisi bakhuthazwa ukuthi bahlanganise ukwesekwa kwe-AI nolwazi oluvela kuma-portal asemthethweni okuphepha kwe-inthanethi kanye nezikhungo zikazwelonke.
Amathiphu awusizo okuphequlula okuphephile nokuhlola i-URL
Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokuwela ekukhwabaniseni okuku-inthanethi, ochwepheshe abavela ku-INCIBE nezinye izinhlangano baqokomisa uchungechunge lwe- izinyathelo zansuku zonke lokho kudlula kakhulu ukuhlola ukuthi ikheli lewebhu ligcina ngo-“.html”.
Okokuqala, bayeluleka ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso besizinda ngaphambi kokufaka noma yiluphi ulwazi olubucayi. Ukuthayipha ikheli ngesandla kusiphequluli, esikhundleni sokuchofoza izixhumanisi kuma-imeyili noma imiyalezo, kusiza ukugwema ukuqondisa kabusha okufihliwe. Ukuqhathanisa i-URL neyokuvakasha okuthembekile kwangaphambilini nakho kuyasiza.
Okwesibili, abasebenzisi kufanele gcina izinhlelo zokusebenza, iziphequluli kanye nesofthiwe yokuphepha isesikhathiniUkuhlasela okuningi kusebenzisa ubuthakathaka obaziwayo osebulungisiwe kakade, ngakho-ke ukubambezeleka kokubuyekezwa kungashiya amadivayisi evezwe ezingozini ezingavinjelwa ngokuphelele.
Okwesithathu, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amaphasiwedi aqinile, ahlukile yesevisi ngayinye futhi, uma kungenzeka, vumela ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi. Ngisho noma imininingwane yokungena ingonakaliswa kusayithi elilodwa, le ndlela inciphisa umonakalo futhi yenza kube nzima ngabahlaseli ukufinyelela kwamanye ama-akhawunti.
Okwesine, izinhlangano zokuphepha kwe-inthanethi zincoma ukusebenzisa ithuba amathuluzi odumo oluku-inthanethi, uhlu lwezexwayiso olusemthethweni kanye nezici zokuphepha kwesiphequluliLezi zinsiza zingamaka amasayithi aziwa ngokusabalalisa i-malware noma ukubandakanyeka ekukhwabaniseni, okunikeza olunye ungqimba lwesivikelo olungenalo nhlobo uhlobo lokuba khona noma ukungabikho kwe-“.html”.
Okokugcina, ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukubaluleka ukugcina isimo sengqondo sokungabaza lapho ubhekene nemiyalezo ephuthumayo noma ethinta imizwaIzithembiso zemivuzo engalindelekile, izinsongo zokuvalwa kwe-akhawunti ngokushesha noma ingcindezi enkulu yokwenza “manje” ziyizindlela zokukhwabanisa ezivamile ezisetshenziswa abakhwabanisi.
Bobabili ochwepheshe babantu kanye nezinhlelo ze-AI bathi isijobelelo se-.html simane nje siwulwazi lobuchwepheshe futhi asiyona indinganiso ethembekile yokwahlulela ukwethembeka kwewebhusayithi.Ukuphepha kwangempela ku-inthanethi kuncike ekuhlanganisweni kokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, ulwazi lwakamuva kanye nokuziphatha komsebenzisi okuhlakaniphile, kunokuba kube nomthetho owodwa, owenziwe lula ngokweqile mayelana nokuthi ama-URL kufanele aphele noma angapheli kanjani.
